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Fatores associados a nefropatia falciforme

2025-10-16T13:04:12Z

Título: Fatores associados a nefropatia falciforme Autor(es): Valverde, Thaísa Leite Abstract: Nephropathy is one of the main complications related to sickle cell anemia. Among the pathophysiological mechanisms, hemolysis and vascular occlusion stand out. In its initial predictions, it manifests with glomerular hyperfiltration and reduced urinary concentration capacity. In addition, proteinuria and hematuria, which can progress to chronic kidney disease and, finally, end-stage kidney disease The objectives of the present study were to estimate the prevalence and determine the factors associated with the emergence of sickle cell nephropaty in patients diagnosed with AF who are regularly monitored at the benign hematology outpatient clinic of the University Hospital of the Federal University of Sergipe. Data were collected using information contained in the medical record, with approval by the local Ethics Committee. Among the 134 eligible patients, 38 were excluded due to lack of data on potential predictors of nephropathy, resulting in 96 patients. Of these, half were provided by women and the median age was 23 years. Sixty patients (62.5%) were diagnosed with nephropathy. Age over 20 years and hydroxyurea use over 5 years were associated with nephropathy in patients with sickle cell anemia. Although there are limitations related to the retrospective analysis and to the fact that there is no systematization in the approach to nephropathy, the importance of the present study was due to highlighting the high prevalence of renal involvement in this subgroup of patients, confirming the need to create an institutional screening and follow-up protocol, in order to better control the morbidity and mortality attributed to this complication.

Avaliação da sensibilidade à dor nos membros inferiores de mulheres corredoras de curta distância e sua relação com as variáveis de treinamento da corrida: estudo transversal comparativo

2025-10-16T12:45:33Z

Título: Avaliação da sensibilidade à dor nos membros inferiores de mulheres corredoras de curta distância e sua relação com as variáveis de treinamento da corrida: estudo transversal comparativo Autor(es): Mota, Riziane Ferreira da Abstract: Introduction: Running is one of the most practiced sports in the world and women are increasingly taking part in the sport. Despite this, pain and injuries are common among practitioners, therefore, advance risk monitoring strategies are necessary. Objectives: to evaluate, primarily, the relationship between the volume, pace and time of running practice and pressure pain threshold (LDP) measurements in the lower limbs (LL) of short-distance runners and, secondarily, to understand the differences or similarities of LDPs in relation to male short- distance runners and female non-runners. Methods: This is a comparative cross-sectional observational study whose main population was female short-distance runners and the comparison populations: 1. male short-distance runners; 2. non-runner women. 82 individuals between 20 and 54 years old, of both sexes, were included, 33 women and 23 men short-distance runners (≤ 10 km), with at least 3 months of practice and 15 km of weekly training volume; and 26 non-runners (time ≥ 3 months without physical exercise). Anthropometric data and LDPs were collected on the greater trochanter of the femur, piriformis muscle, quadriceps tendon and anterior tibialis muscle of all participants using a portable pressure algometer (Impac®, Paulínia, SP, Brazil). Additionally, the runners completed the training/race routine monitoring form. Statistical analyzes were performed in SPSS Statistics V25.0 and considered p <0.05. Normality and homogeneity were tested by Shapiro-Wilk and Levene, respectively. For comparisons, the Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests were applied, followed by the Wilcoxon post-hoc test. For correlations, the Spearman test was used, followed by regression analyses. Results: The regressions showed that when increasing weekly volume by 1 km, the LDP of the left trochanter (B = 0.094, 95% [CI = 0.004 – 0.185]) increases by 0.094 kgf/cm2. Furthermore, when increasing running pace, the LDP of the left trochanter increases by 0.90 kgf/cm2, and with an increase of one year in practice time, the LDP of the right and left tibialis anterior muscle increases by 0.30 and 0.37 kgf/cm2, respectively. Male runners had a higher running pace than women (U = 128.500; z = -4.187; p = 0.000; r = -0.56), whereas women had a longer training duration (U = 225.500; z = - 2.572; p= 0.010; r =-0.34). The LDPs of the trochanter and piriformis region were significantly higher in men than in women runners and non-runners, although between them (runners and non-runners) there was no significant difference in any of the variables. Conclusion: The practice of running appears to be unrelated to mechanical hyperalgesia in the lower limbs of female runners; on the contrary, there is an increase in LDPs with increasing volume, pace and running time, especially in the hip region. Men demonstrated higher LDPs in the hip region, however, they had a higher running pace.

Análise temporal e espacial da mortalidade por câncer de pulmão em Sergipe de 1980 a 2022

2025-10-16T12:09:47Z

Título: Análise temporal e espacial da mortalidade por câncer de pulmão em Sergipe de 1980 a 2022 Autor(es): Figueiredo, Renata Reis Abstract: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Among the global population, lung cancer is the third most common in women, following breast and colorectal cancers. In men, it is the most frequent and the leading cause of cancer-related death. In Brazil, lung cancer is the third most common in men and the fourth in women. In Sergipe, this disease was the main cause of cancer death for both sexes combined from 2014 to 2018. The goals of this study were to analyze the temporal and spatial trends of lung cancer mortality in Sergipe from 1980 to 2022 and to evaluating whether there is a correlation between mortality and variables such as Municipal Human Development Index and Gross Domestic Product per capita. This is an ecological study with a time series and spatial analysis. Mortality data were obtained from the Mortality Information. Crude and standardized rates were calculated based on census populations and intercensal estimates provided by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). For the temporal analysis, the Joinpoint Regression Program software from National Cancer Institute version 5.0.2 was used. For spatial analysis, the software QGIS version 3.10 and Terraview version 4.2.2 were used. QGIS uses Sergipe cartographic base and geocodes of the municipalities provided by IBGE to generate thematic maps. Terraview is responsible for spatial statistical analysis and adopts the Local Empirical Bayes model for rate smoothing and the Global Moran Index for evaluating the spatial autocorrelation of standardized and Bayesian rates. Lung cancer accounted for 4,472 deaths over the total period analyzed. Male mortality showed an increasing trend from 1980 to 2007 and has stabilized since then. Female mortality, however, showed an increasing trend throughout the entire period. Aracaju stands out as the municipality with the highest age-adjusted mortality rates in men. For women, the highest adjusted rates were found in the municipalities of Carmópolis and Divina Pastora. The data showed a significant correlation between the Municipal Human Development Index (HDI-M) and age-adjusted mortality rates. In correlation with per capita Gross Domestic Product (GDP), only the male population showed statistical significance. The present study demonstrates that the curve of lung cancer mortality in women is on the rise. Additionally, it provides relevant information for implementing tobacco control actions and assessing regions with higher mortality risk. These data can aid in directing public resources and organizing health services.

Influência dos linfócitos tumorais infiltrantes no prognóstico e na sobrevida de pacientes com câncer de mama submetidas a quimioterapia neoadjuvante

2025-10-16T11:57:46Z

Título: Influência dos linfócitos tumorais infiltrantes no prognóstico e na sobrevida de pacientes com câncer de mama submetidas a quimioterapia neoadjuvante Autor(es): Leite, Renata Montarroyos Abstract: Introduction: This study provides a comprehensive overview of breast cancer, highlighting its heterogeneous aspects and challenges in treatment, with a focus on assessing the prognosis of high-risk patients. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) provides an in vivo validation model capable of testing the efficiency of drugs through the pathological response of the tumor, observed during surgery. Identifying tumor factors associated with this response, and better clinical outcomes has been a challenge. Consequently, the assessment of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) as markers of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer has gained prominence in recent years. This study aims to evaluate the predictive and prognostic effects of TILs, based on their quantification in biopsy samples from patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy, contributing to more individualized therapeutic approaches in clinical mastology practice. Objectives: Evaluate if there is influence of TILs on the overall survival and 5-year survival of breast cancer patients undergoing NAC, as well as their relationship with pathological tumor response to treatment, stratifying among various molecular subtypes. Patients and Methods: This is a survival study with uni-and multivariate analyses, using a retrospective cohort of cases treated between 2011 and 2017 at the University Hospital of Sergipe. Biopsy slides were reanalyzed for TILs quantity. Cox proportional hazards models were used for independent analysis of each clinical and pathological variable with survival, and for survival analysis, the Kaplan-Meier method was employed, relating the quantity of TILs in the initial tumor to complete pathological response and 5-year survival. Results: There were differences in pathological parameters between patients who were alive and those who deceased. No significant difference was observed in TILs expression among molecular subtypes. The calculated median was 5, and over half (63%) of the population had TILs < 5%. No relationship between TILs and overall survival (OS) was demonstrated. However, in the 5-year survival analysis (5YS), patients with TILs below 5% showed better outcomes in all molecular subtypes (p<0,05). Conclusion: Patients with TILs < 5% in biopsy samples exhibited improved 5-year survival.