https://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/2487 2026-07-14T19:31:11Z 2026-07-14T19:31:11Z Quintino, Emanuelle Moura https://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/25534 2026-07-14T15:51:31Z 2026-02-26T00:00:00Z

Título: Direito fundamental à educação: uma visão jusliterária em Vidas Secas Autor(es): Quintino, Emanuelle Moura Abstract: This dissertation discusses the fundamental right to education from a legal-literary perspective in Graciliano Ramos's novel Vidas Secas. By exploring the intersection between law and literature, this interdisciplinary research seeks to understand how literary narrative problematizes cultural elements related to the right to education, addressing Brazilian social inequality, demonstrating the resilience of the characters from the northeastern hinterland, and the need to realize the fundamental right to education as an indispensable means to a dignified life. In this way, it is linked to the line of research “Process of Constitutionalization of Rights and Citizenship: Theoretical and Methodological Aspects” within the field of legal-literary studies anchored in phenomenological hermeneutics. The methodology used involves a qualitative approach based on a review of the literature and case law. In this sense, it aims to contribute, through legal criticism in Vidas Secas, to the discussion of the fundamental right to education, articulating the relationships between memory, the Constitution, democracy, culture, and development, while problematizing the conditions for the realization of the right to education in the face of Brazil's historical legal and cultural reality, analyzing the fulfillment of Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) No. 4 of the United Nations (UN) 2030 Agenda in Brazil and the role of the decisions of the Federal Supreme Court (STF) in an Extraordinary Appeal (RE) on education. It can be concluded that the novel Vidas Secas is an important tool for legal reflection and a source of constitutional hermeneutics, especially when linked to phenomenology and the cultural perspective of the Constitution. Finally, it was found that the decisions of the Federal Supreme Court in cases of general repercussion play a relevant role in the enforcement of this fundamental right, although some still present limitations when analyzed in light of the social dilemmas portrayed in the narrative.

2026-02-26T00:00:00Z Terto, Luana Machado https://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/25513 2026-07-10T19:09:52Z 2026-02-26T00:00:00Z

Título: A responsabilidade civil do doador nas inseminações caseiras Autor(es): Terto, Luana Machado Abstract: This study examines the legal status of filiation in home artificial insemination. In this context, the transformation of the concept of family in Brazilian legislation reflects significant changes in the social, cultural, and legal spheres, especially with regard to filiation and the different forms of family formation. The 1988 Federal Constitution represented a milestone by recognizing the diversity of family configurations, moving away from models that were predominantly biological or based on marriage, and establishing principles such as human dignity, equality among children, and freedom in family planning. As a result, filiation came to be understood in a broader manner, valuing socio-affective bonds and the reproductive autonomy of individuals. Alongside these transformations, new reproductive approaches and methods began to be adopted by society, with home insemination standing out as an informal and unregulated option in comparison with assisted reproduction techniques offered by specialized clinics. This practice, often driven by the high costs associated with artificial insemination and the desire to increase accessibility, raises important legal issues, particularly with regard to the civil registration of the child, the presumption of parenthood within marriage or stable unions, and the requirement of consent from the spouse or partner in cases of heterologous insemination, in light of the provisions issued by the National Council of Justice. Home insemination also raises questions concerning fundamental rights, including human dignity, reproductive autonomy, and freedom in family planning, without disregarding the importance of comprehensive protection for children and adolescents. The absence of specific regulation generates legal uncertainty for both the parents and the donor, especially with respect to the determination of parenthood and the potential legal implications arising from this practice. In this context, the debate over the civil and child support liability of the donor in home insemination emerges. The lack of regulation allows for differing interpretations regarding existing rights and obligations, as well as the limits of the autonomy of the parties involved. Thus, the topic highlights the importance of a critical assessment of the current legal framework, emphasizing the risks of civil liability for the donor and the urgent need for a clearer regulatory approach that reflects contemporary social conditions.

2026-02-26T00:00:00Z Silva, Rosilene Neves de Oliveira https://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/25444 2026-07-09T17:56:07Z 2026-02-24T00:00:00Z

Título: Concretização do direito à saúde em Aracaju-SE: uma análise sob a perspectiva da primeira infância Autor(es): Silva, Rosilene Neves de Oliveira Abstract: The right to childhood health is a fundamental principle of the Democratic Rule of Law, enshrined in the 1988 Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil (CRFB/88), and in national and international commitments undertaken by Brazil. This dissertation, entitled "Realization of the right to health in Aracaju-SE: an analysis from the perspective of Early Childhood," evaluates the adherence of local regulations, plans, and actions to the Legal Framework for Early Childhood and the National Integrated Policy for Early Childhood (PNIPI). It analyzes the Municipal Plan for Early Childhood (PMPI/AJU) in light of these regulations and the practices of intersectorality, governance, and public transparency. It is justified by the need to investigate the obstacles between the robust normative framework and its concrete implementation in municipal practices, especially regarding equitable and continuous access to specialized care for children. The central question guiding the research is: does the municipality of Aracaju-SE fulfill the right to childhood health through specific public policies for early childhood? The overall objective is to analyze the realization of the right to health from the perspective of early childhood; the specific objectives are: to analyze the constitutional, infraconstitutional, and international foundations that underpin the right to children's health; to verify the adherence of municipal regulations to the recommendations of the Legal Framework for Early Childhood combined with the National Integrated Policy for Early Childhood (PNIPI); and to verify the pathways to the realization of the right to health in early childhood. Even with the advances of the National Policy for Comprehensive Child Health Care (PNAISC), the Legal Framework for Early Childhood, the PNIPI, and the PMPI/AJU itself, we have challenges to overcome. It is concluded that the effective guarantee of the right to children's health in Aracaju requires priority in planning and budget allocation for the implementation, control, and monitoring of specific public policies for early childhood at the local level.

2026-02-24T00:00:00Z Ferreira, Michele Monteiro https://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/25387 2026-07-09T13:49:56Z 2026-02-26T00:00:00Z

Título: A Nova Lei de Licenciamento Ambiental: análise sobre os impactos ambientais Autor(es): Ferreira, Michele Monteiro Abstract: This paper analyzes Law nº 15.190/2025, known as the New Environmental Licensing Law, and its impacts on environmental protection in Brazil. The study seeks to understand the main changes introduced by the legislation and evaluate the new effects on environmental protection, sustainable development, legal certainty, and the effectiveness of public management. Environmental licensing remains one of the central instruments of the National Environmental Policy, responsible for reconciling economic growth with the preservation of natural resources. The new law promoted important innovations, such as the creation of the License by Adhesion and Commitment (LAC) and the simplification of procedures, but it also raised concerns about the possibility of environmental regression, especially given the reduction of technical steps and the limitation of social participation. The dissertation's problem is the analysis of the impacts of Law nº 15.190/2025 on environmental protection in Brazil involving the environmental licensing process. The analysis also highlights the presidential vetoes applied to the law and the overturning of the vetoes by the National Congress. The methodology used consists of bibliographic and documentary research, encompassing specialized doctrine, scientific articles, and technical notes from public and private institutions. It is concluded that the balance between administrative efficiency and ecological protection depends on the institutional strengthening of environmental agencies and the observance of the constitutional principles of prevention, precaution, and popular participation.

2026-02-26T00:00:00Z