https://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/2505 2026-05-02T11:48:40Z 2026-05-02T11:48:40Z Barbosa, Taísa Andrade https://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/24487 2026-02-04T19:56:58Z 2025-09-24T00:00:00Z

Título: Tecnologia sustentável e saberes tradicionais: implicações da produção e uso agrícola de biocarvão de lodo no solo do Quilombo Serra da Guia, Sergipe Autor(es): Barbosa, Taísa Andrade Abstract: Research inspired by traditional knowledge can provide pathways to simple and effective solutions, consistent with a model of sustainable development. The “Terra Preta de Índio” found in the Amazon is a highly fertile soil with a dark colour due to the presence of charcoal particles. It has inspired investigations into the effects of biochar use in soils. In this context, the present study aimed to investigate the implications of producing and using sewage sludge biochar (SSB) in the Serra da Guia quilombo, in Poço Redondo/SE, Brazil, by articulating sustainable technologies and traditional knowledge. Biochar can be obtained through the thermal conversion of biomass, such as the sludge generated in wastewater treatment plants, which is rich in organic matter (~45%). Aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the research addresses a dual challenge faced in the Brazilian semi-arid Northeast: food insecurity in traditional communities and the need for a sustainable destination for sewage sludge, a residue with high polluting potential. To this end, an interdisciplinary quali-quantitative approach was adopted, grounded in the hypothetical-deductive method and considering the socio-environmental complexities involved. The investigation was structured into four chapters. The first chapter addresses the conversion of sewage sludge into SSB and its physicochemical characterisation, demonstrating for the first time that the process promotes pesticide degradation, as well as it favours pollutant immobilisation and preserves nutrients, thereby confirming its suitability as a safe agricultural input. The second chapter highlights the potential longevity of biochar, showing that the transformations resulting from aging in the soil maintain or even enhance its functionalities as a biofertiliser and soil conditioner. The third chapter evaluates the effects of SSB on soil water retention and the cultivation of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.), showing significant improvements in water availability and crop development, especially with applications of 40 t ha⁻¹. Finally, the fourth chapter presents the socio-economic context and diagnosis of the quilombola family farming, based on semistructured interviews, which revealed structural vulnerabilities, female protagonism, and agricultural practices rooted in social cooperation, as well as openness to adopting technologies compatible with community values. The results indicate that SSB can contribute to strengthening family farming, enhancing soil resilience, while offering a sustainable alternative for sewage sludge management. It is emphasised, however, that its use should not be regarded as an isolated solution, but as part of a broader strategy for sustainable development that values quilombola culture, promotes socio-environmental justice, and exemplifies the principles of the circular economy, requiring integrated public policies.

2025-09-24T00:00:00Z Santos Júnior, Robério Satyro dos https://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/24482 2026-02-04T19:18:05Z 2025-10-29T00:00:00Z

Título: Gestão sustentável dos resíduos da agroindústria (Manihot esculenta) no semiárido sergipano sob o aspecto da economia circular Autor(es): Santos Júnior, Robério Satyro dos Abstract: Agricultural production is one of the most important socioeconomic activities, as it is responsible for food production; however, it is also responsible for generating a huge amount of waste. The estimated amount of global agricultural production is 7.26 Gt, and the volume of dry biomass reaches approximately 140 Gt. This quantity of green material represents a significant impact on the environment. Furthermore, the lack of valorization and inadequate disposal of agricultural waste in nature are associated with the linear production model, which prioritizes only consumption and disposal, causing environmental impacts. This model directly opposes the Circular Economy (CE), which, in turn, represents a significant advance in the incorporation of sustainability by organizations, cities, and governments, fundamentally characterized by the recycling, reuse, and repurposing of waste generated throughout the product's life cycle, and not just in the production process. In this context, a research project proposed the development of a circular model for utilizing cassava harvesting and processing waste, transforming the resulting biomass into second-generation biofuels. To achieve this objective, it initially relied on a preliminary survey establishing cassava as a family-based crop among the two crops produced in the Sergipe Semi-Arid region. Following this, an analysis of technical, economic, and energy solutions for the conversion of plant biomass was conducted. To demonstrate the impacts of linear and circular models, the Systems Dynamics methodology was proposed. This approach allowed the construction of scenarios simulating both models. Finally, the study culminated in the creation of the Semiárido Forte platform, which shares information on the components of the biomass produced, the potential for second-generation biofuels, the CO2 sequestered in the harvesting and processing, the contrasting social and environmental impacts between the linear and circular models, as well as the economic values with and without biomass recycling. The achievement of the proposed objectives was supported by the application of interdisciplinary technologies, which optimized the collection and processing of easy-to-use information. The results demonstrated the importance and benefits that can be achieved with the incorporation of a circular production model for cassava biomass waste, used as an instrument for sustainable practices. The analysis demonstrated positive potential with the introduction of the Production Unit, with environmental, energy, and economic gains. Simulations showed positive and negative results over ten years for biomass in both linear and circular models. Therefore, this research serves as an important instrument for achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 2 and 12, providing sustainable agriculture, production, and consumption, necessary to improve soil quality, minimize the effect of water stress on crops, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and enable agricultural and pastoral activities, strongly contributing to the retention of small family farmers in the region, and most importantly, promoting a sustainable consumption economy for agricultural/agroindustrial waste.

2025-10-29T00:00:00Z Pinto Júnior, Ezio dos Santos https://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/23556 2025-10-17T14:07:28Z 2025-02-07T00:00:00Z

Título: Determinação de índice de sustentabilidade com indicadores das dimensões ambiental, social, econômica e técnica no perímetro irrigado Poção da Ribeira em Sergipe Autor(es): Pinto Júnior, Ezio dos Santos Abstract: Several studies have been conducted to develop sustainability indicators for water resources in social, economic, and environmental dimensions. However, no research was found that established a sustainability index for irrigated perimeters considering social, economic, environmental, and technical dimensions. Therefore, the objective of this thesis is to apply methodologies, models, and procedures for sustainability analysis to improve water and energy use efficiency, as well as the socioeconomic and environmental qualities of the Poção da Ribeira Irrigation Perimeter in the state of Sergipe, Brazil. The sustainability index of the irrigated perimeter will serve as a guide for decision-making regarding the management, operation, and maintenance of water and energy, enabling their rational use. It will also provide a comparative parameter for sustainability analysis in production systems. The hypothesis is that the higher the defined sustainability index, the better the water efficiency in the evaluated property, leading to greater productivity gains. The interdisciplinary aspect of this research lies in the need to assess not only economic and agronomic issues but also the acceptance of this irrigation planning model by local farmers. This includes understanding its viability while considering cultural and social factors affecting the farmer and their family. The Poção da Ribeira Irrigation Perimeter is located between the municipalities of Itabaiana and Areia Branca in Sergipe. It encompasses a total area of 1,970 hectares, of which 1,100 hectares are irrigable, but only 507 hectares are currently irrigated across 466 plots. The main crops grown in the region include lettuce, peanuts, sweet potatoes, green onions, cilantro, kale, beans, among others. The predominant irrigation system is conventional sprinkling, although localized and micro-sprinkler irrigation methods are also used. For the environmental indicator, the index of irrigated area occupation will be determined. The methodology for determining the sustainability index for the irrigation perimeter is based on the model described by Sobral (2012), which aims to qualify social, environmental, economic, and technical indices. The sustainability index was obtained by calculating the value of the area formed by the variables (indicators) when plotted on a radar-type graph, a methodology proposed by Calorio (1997) and adapted by Faccioli and Gomes (2021). The results revealed that the sustainability index of the Poção da Ribeira Irrigation Perimeter is low, making it unsustainable over time, as the obtained value was 17.61283 on a scale from 0 to 100. Specifically, values between 0 and 20 are considered unsustainable for the studied environment. Recommendations for improving the sustainability index in the Poção da Ribeira Irrigation Perimeter include: Conducting awareness campaigns, such as promoting biological control to reduce pesticide use. Long-term initiatives, such as training farmers on the application of appropriate water depths for specific crops to enable sustainable water use. Capacity-building to increase income by promoting crops with higher economic value suitable for the region. Training for soil sampling and analysis to ensure accurate fertilizer recommendations for rural properties.; Diversos trabajos se han llevado a cabo con el objetivo de obtener indicadores de sostenibilidad en recursos hídricos en las dimensiones sociales, económicas y ambientales. Sin embargo, no se encontraron investigaciones que determinaran un índice de sostenibilidad para perímetros irrigados en las dimensiones sociales, económicas, ambientales y técnicas. Por ello, el objetivo de esta tesis es aplicar metodologías, modelos y procedimientos de análisis de sostenibilidad orientados a mejorar la eficiencia en el uso del agua y la energía, así como las cualidades socioeconómicas y ambientales del Perímetro Irrigado Poção da Ribeira, en el estado de Sergipe. El índice de sostenibilidad del perímetro irrigado será una guía para la toma de decisiones en la gestión, operación y mantenimiento del agua y la energía, permitiendo su uso racional y estableciendo un parámetro comparativo adicional para el análisis de sostenibilidad en sistemas de producción. La hipótesis del trabajo es que cuanto mayor sea el índice de sostenibilidad definido, mejor será la eficiencia hídrica en la propiedad evaluada y mayor el incremento en la productividad. El aspecto interdisciplinario de la investigación está relacionado con la necesidad de evaluar, además de las cuestiones económicas y agronómicas, la aceptación por parte del productor local y comprender la viabilidad o no de este modelo de planificación de riego en la propiedad, incluyendo los factores culturales y sociales del productor y su familia. El Perímetro Irrigado Poção da Ribeira, ubicado entre los municipios de Itabaiana y Areia Branca, tiene una superficie total de 1.970 hectáreas, de las cuales 1.100 hectáreas son irrigables, pero solo 507 hectáreas están efectivamente irrigadas en 466 lotes. Los principales cultivos de la región incluyen lechuga, maní, batata dulce, cebollín, cilantro, col rizada, frijoles, entre otros. El sistema de riego predominante es la aspersión convencional, aunque también se utilizan otros métodos como el riego localizado y la microaspersión. Para el indicador ambiental, se determinará el índice de ocupación de la superficie irrigada. La metodología para calcular el índice de sostenibilidad del perímetro de riego se basa en el modelo descrito por Sobral (2012), diseñado para calificar los índices sociales, ambientales, económicos y técnicos. El índice de sostenibilidad se obtuvo calculando el valor del área formada por las variables (indicadores) trazadas en un gráfico de tipo radar, metodología propuesta por Calorio (1997) y adaptada por Faccioli y Gomes (2021). Los resultados muestran que el índice de sostenibilidad del Perímetro Irrigado Poção da Ribeira es bajo, lo que lo hace insostenible a largo plazo, ya que el valor del indicador obtenido fue de 17,61283 en una escala de 0 a 100. Es decir, valores entre 0 y 20 son insostenibles en el contexto del estudio. Se identificaron factores clave para mejorar el índice de sostenibilidad en el Perímetro Irrigado Poção da Ribeira: Realizar campañas de concienciación, incluyendo el uso de control biológico para minimizar los agroquímicos. Implementar capacitaciones sobre la aplicación de la cantidad adecuada de agua para los cultivos, promoviendo un uso sostenible del agua. Ofrecer capacitaciones para aumentar los ingresos mediante la producción de cultivos con mayor valor económico agregado y adaptados a la región. Capacitar en la recolección de muestras de suelo para análisis, permitiendo recomendaciones precisas de fertilización en las propiedades rurales.

2025-02-07T00:00:00Z White, Benjamin Leonardo Alves https://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/23075 2025-09-04T19:36:40Z 2014-02-11T00:00:00Z

Título: Modelagem matemática e avaliação do comportamento do fogo em liteira de eucalipto Autor(es): White, Benjamin Leonardo Alves Abstract: Forest fires are natural disasters where the fire spreads uncontrollably about any type of vegetation. Besides being responsible for biodiversity reduction, forest fires generate huge economic losses in the forestry sector. The first studies modeling forest fire behavior were done in the first half of the twentieth century and were aimed to characterize fire behavior and assist in the prevention and combat operations. Although, since then, several models have been created, until now, there was no specific model for estimating fire behavior in Brazilian's eucalypt plantations. Knowing that the characteristics of the vegetation and weather play an important rule in the way that the fires behave, this study aimed to characterize the fire behavior in eucalyptus litter in the study area and develop specific mathematical models to describe the propagation rate of spread, the flame length, the fuel consumption and the burn time, based on easily obtained variables. Furthermore, it was evaluated the efficiency of the BehavePlus 5.0 software in simulate the fire behavior. In order to meet the proposed objectives, the initial step was to characterize the eucalypt plantations. The area defined as a standard model was the north coast of Bahia, region that has the largest eucalyptus plantation area in all the northeast of Brazil. The characterization was done through destructive sampling, where the average values for the fuel load, fuel bed depth and fuel bed bulk density where set and used as basis for the 105 laboratory burns. All fuel and weather variables that could influence in the fire behavior were controlled and measured in the experiments. Based on the values of the dependent and independent variables, linear regression mathematical models using the forward stepwise procedure were created. Seven mathematical models were built, all they highly significant and with coefficient of determination ranging between 0.58 and 0.82. The respective models were used to build a software to simulate eucalyptus litter fire behavior: Eucalyptus Fire Safety System ®. When comparing the data of the rate of spread and flame length simulated by the models developed in this work and simulated in the BehavePlus software versus the experimental data obtained in laboratory, it was achieved a better statistical performance for the models created here. Because of the difference between the simulated data by the BehavePlus and the experimental data, which were quite underestimated, it is not advised the use of the BehavePlus in the study area.

2014-02-11T00:00:00Z