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Perfis de qualidade de vida, atividade física e fadiga em pessoas vivendo com HIV: uma análise de clusters

2025-02-17T00:00:00Z

Título: Perfis de qualidade de vida, atividade física e fadiga em pessoas vivendo com HIV: uma análise de clusters Autor(es): Sales, Thiago Silva Abstract: The Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) epidemic remains a major public health issue, with fatigue being a common chronic symptom that impacts quality of life and treatment adherence. Despite the control of the disease in Brazil through antiretroviral therapy, it is crucial to mitigate this symptom and investigate its relationship with quality of life and physical activity. Objective: To identify and characterize subgroups of people living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) based on their quality of life profiles and physical activity levels, and to investigate the association of these profiles with the experience of fatigue. Methodology: The variables were categorized into sociodemographic factors (age, skin color, marital status, biological sex, education level); disease- and treatment-related factors (time since diagnosis, mode of transmission, infection stage, medication use, treatment adherence); and psychosocial and personal factors (fatigue, habitual physical activity, quality of life, disease perception, financial satisfaction, feelings of exclusion, and suffering due to stigma and/or prejudice). Data were collected at the Centro de Especialidade Médica de Aracaju (CEMAR) from 115 adults living with HIV and users of Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) and Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PeP). Four questionnaires were applied: a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Fatigue Assessment Scale, the WHOQOL-HIV-Bref, and the Habitual Physical Activity questionnaire. Cluster analysis was conducted using hierarchical analysis with Ward's method and squared Euclidean distance, followed by K-means analysis, using Zscores for quality of life and total physical activity level, with convergence in four iterations. ANOVA and non-parametric tests were used for characterization and comparison between clusters. For comparisons of continuous variables among the three clusters, the Kruskal-Wallis test was performed, followed by pairwise comparisons with Bonferroni correction. For categorical variables, the chi-square test or Fisher's exact test was used. The relationship between the identified clusters and fatigue was analyzed using robust Poisson regression. Results: Cluster analysis identified three groups: Cluster 1 (high quality of life and physical activity), Cluster 2 (moderate quality of life and physical activity), and Cluster 3 (low quality of life and physical activity). Poisson regression showed that, compared to Cluster 3, participants in Cluster 1 had a 70.8% lower prevalence of fatigue (PR=0.29; 95% CI: 0.14-0.57; p<0.001), and those in Cluster 2 had a 30.7% lower prevalence (PR=0.69; 95% CI: 0.49-0.96; p=0.031). Conclusion: There is an association between negative perceptions of quality of life, lower physical activity levels, and greater experiences of fatigue among people living with HIV receiving care at CEMAR, Sergipe.

Efeitos do exercício físico sobre a função respiratória em indivíduos com doença de Parkinson

2025-07-28T00:00:00Z

Título: Efeitos do exercício físico sobre a função respiratória em indivíduos com doença de Parkinson Autor(es): Soares, Dayana Gabrielle Góes Lôbo Abstract: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder caused by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons located in the substantia nigra, resulting in motor and non- motor manifestations. Among the non-motor manifestations, respiratory dysfunction stands out, which appears in the early stages of the disease and is associated with an increase in lung infections and increased mortality in individuals affected by the disease. Physical exercise has proven to be an effective strategy in the treatment of PD, both for motor alterations and for its effects on respiratory function. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the global panorama of scientific publications on physical exercise in PD and to determine its effects on the respiratory function of individuals identified with PD. To this end, two independent studies were conducted: the first was a bibliometric review to characterize the global panorama of scientific production on physical exercise in PD over the last five years, identifying trends, authors, institutions, and the most productive countries. The second was a systematic literature review to analyze the effects of physical exercise-based interventions on the respiratory function of these individuals, considering variables such as respiratory muscle strength, lung volumes and capacities, and cirtometry measurements. A total of 83 studies were included, and the main findings of the bibliometric review demonstrated that the largest number of publications occurred in 2023 (22). Research related to the topic has been conducted in countries across different continents, with China (18) and Brazil (15) standing out as the largest scientific producers in the area. The keyword co-occurrence analysis identified three main approaches and a scientific gap, characterized by the absence of terms related to respiratory function in PD. Regarding the systematic review, 10 articles were included, totaling 229 participants, with a mean age of 64.42 years and a mean disease duration of 5.75 years. The results demonstrated the scarcity of studies in the area and the therapeutic potential of physical exercise on respiratory function, with positive effects on respiratory muscle strength, lung volumes, respiratory capacities, and thoracic mobility. In the studies, exercises in an aquatic environment stood out, promoting improvements in both respiratory muscle strength and lung volumes. Furthermore, the studies highlighted the importance of continuing interventions to maintain gains, as well as the need for individualized programs, adapted to the conditions and resources of each individual. The conclusion is that there is growing global interest in the relationship between physical exercise and PD and that the practice of physical exercise, in its various forms, promotes significant benefits on respiratory function in people with PD, highlighting the need to expand research into exercise programs specifically targeting respiratory function in this condition.

Efeitos dos vetores vertical e horizontal ao treinamento combinado em atletas profissionais de futebol em pré temporada

2025-06-15T00:00:00Z

Título: Efeitos dos vetores vertical e horizontal ao treinamento combinado em atletas profissionais de futebol em pré temporada Autor(es): Góes, Daniel Figueiredo Abstract: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of three weeks of combined vertical and horizontal vector training in professional soccer players during the pre-season phase. A longitudinal design was employed to evaluate the efficacy of vertical and horizontal training programs, which consisted of eight neuromuscular training sessions distributed over three weeks (conducted on separate days, three times per week, except for the first week). Participants were matched based on their countermovement jump (CMJ) test results and subsequently randomized into two distinct groups (Horizontal Group and Vertical Group). The efficacy of the intervention was assessed through laboratory tests (including CMJ, horizontal jump, maximum power output in squat jump, and pelvic bridge) and field tests (speed over 5, 10, and 20 meters, Zigzag test, and 505 test for change-of-direction ability). After the intervention, the tests were repeated 48 hours after the final training session. The results showed that the Horizontal Group outperformed in CMJ, horizontal jump (HJ), and maximum power in pelvic bridge (MPP EP) (effect size: small), while the Vertical Group outperformed in 5- and 10-meter speed and the 505 test (effect size: small). After three weeks of intervention during the pre-season, it was concluded that both groups produced satisfactory results in professional soccer players. The Horizontal Group was more effective in developing laboratory variables (CMJ, HJ e MPP EP), while the Vertical Group was more effective in field variables (Vel 5 e 10m e Teste do 505.

Efeitos do treinamento intervalado associado ao extrato aquoso de Uncaria Tomentosa sobre os biomarcadores de estresse oxidativo e danos musculares em ratos sem e com lesão nervosa periférica

2024-08-30T00:00:00Z

Título: Efeitos do treinamento intervalado associado ao extrato aquoso de Uncaria Tomentosa sobre os biomarcadores de estresse oxidativo e danos musculares em ratos sem e com lesão nervosa periférica Autor(es): Santos, Alisson dos Abstract: Introduction: High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) can induce oxidative stress in both healthy animals and those with peripheral nerve injury. However, supplementation with antioxidant plant extracts, such as Uncaria tomentosa (cat's claw), may mitigate this stress. Therefore, Uncaria tomentosa stands out as a promising strategy to protect against oxidative damage caused by HIIT, both under normal conditions and in the presence of injuries.Objective: To assess the effects of HIIT combined with aqueous extract supplementation of Uncaria tomentosa on oxidative stress biomarkers and tissue damage in Wistar rats with and without peripheral nerve injury. Methods: Following the guidelines of the Graduate Program in Physical Education/UFS, a "B" dissertation model was chosen, consisting of three studies. Studies 1 and 2 have been accepted for publication in journals, while Study 3 is currently under submission. Results: Study 1: Provided a brief update on the physiological effects of HIIT, highlighting benefits such as improved mitochondrial function, increased muscle capillary density, and enhanced antioxidant capacity. HIIT also promotes greater calorie burning during and after exercise, contributing to weight loss and reduced body fat.Study 2: Aimed to evaluate the effect of four weeks of high-intensity interval training on a treadmill combined with supplementation of aqueous Uncaria tomentosa extract on oxidative stress markers and tissue damage in healthy rats. Sedentary control animals (CT, n=10) aged 3 months and sedentary animals supplemented with 200 mg/kg of Uncaria tomentosa extract (CS, n=10) for 4 weeks, along with trained animals undergoing 4 weeks of HIIT on a treadmill (TR, n=10) and trained animals supplemented with 200 mg/kg of Uncaria tomentosa extract (TS, n=10), had their blood and muscle tissues collected at the end of the intervention for analysis of tissue damage and oxidative stress markers. The intervention resulted in significant responses in oxidative damage markers: CK (F=31.98), LDH (F=117.95), ALT (F=5.34, p=0.0005), and AST (F=28.34, p<0.001). The SH variable in tissues—Triceps (44.34%), Soleus (136.65%), Gastrocnemius (81.14%), and Quadriceps (21.06%)—increased compared to the TR group, while MDA levels in the Soleus (80.15%), Gastrocnemius (80.17%), and Quadriceps (28.00%) decreased relative to the TR group. Study 3: Aimed to investigate the effects of combining high-intensity interval training on a treadmill with the intake of Uncaria tomentosa aqueous extract on oxidative stress markers and muscle damage in young adult Wistar rats with peripheral nerve injury. The animals subjected to surgical procedures without nerve injury (GSHAM, n=10) aged 3 months, and animals with nerve injury receiving 200 mg/kg of Uncaria tomentosa extract (GLE, n=10) for 4 weeks, along with injured animals undergoing HIIT on a treadmill for 4 weeks (GTL, n=10), and injured animals that were both trained and supplemented with 200 mg/kg of Uncaria tomentosa extract (GTLE, n=10), had their blood and muscle tissues collected at the end of the intervention for analysis of tissue damage and oxidative stress markers. The GTLE group showed a 25.76% reduction in serum CK levels compared to the GTL group. There was an increase in total sulfhydryl levels in the quadriceps muscle of the GLE, GTL, and GTLE groups, by 62.92%, 98.40%, and 157.06%, respectively, compared to the GSHAM group. Conclusion: All three studies concluded that HIIT significantly improves antioxidant capacity. Furthermore, Uncaria tomentosa can reduce muscle damage and oxidative stress after HIIT, enhancing adaptive effects and improving the antioxidant system, with positive results in muscle recovery and performance.