https://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/2505 2026-10-28T22:14:07Z https://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/26174 Title: Utilização dos negócios jurídicos processuais como instrumento de efetivação da tutela jurisdicional ambiental Authors: Araújo, Vanessa Gomes de Abstract: Shrimp farming, an activity that, on the one hand, presents potential for regional development through the generation of employment, income, and food production, on the other hand has given rise to complex environmental problems that are consequently difficult to resolve. Environmental disputes arising from this activity have resulted in public civil actions filed by the Public Prosecutor’s Office, which have taken a considerable amount of time to reach completion. In this context, the use of procedural techniques better suited to the resolution of such environmental disputes is essential, as they involve the protection of present and future rights of the entire population. Through a qualitative and quantitative approach, this research aimed to analyze the feasibility of using procedural legal agreements (negócios jurídicos processuais) as an instrument for the effective enforcement of environmental judicial protection in judicial proceedings that discuss the legality of shrimp farming in the municipality of Nossa Senhora do Socorro, State of Sergipe (SE), Brazil. To this end, it was necessary to identify the procedural difficulties that hinder the effective resolution of judicial proceedings addressing the legality of shrimp farming in the municipality of Nossa Senhora do Socorro/SE, through the examination of court records. In addition, a sustainability index was established within the scope of the Public Civil Action that discusses the legality of shrimp farming in the municipality of Nossa Senhora do Socorro/SE, based on the definition of indicators related to the environmental, social, and legal dimensions of shrimp farming, using the methodology proposed by Calorio (1997). Finally, the study analyzed how the institute of procedural legal agreements can be applied in Public Civil Actions aimed at protecting the environment. The research isstructured into three complementary studies. The first study consisted of a systematic literature review on procedural legal agreements. The second study focused on determining a sustainability index within the scope of the Public Civil Action that discusses the legality of shrimp farming in the municipality of Nossa Senhora do Socorro/SE, based on the definition of indicators related to the environmental, social and legal dimensions of the activity, in accordance with the methodology proposed by Calorio (1997). Indicators IJ1 (time to judgment), IJ2 (court-appointed expert evidence), and IS1 (legal aid) exhibited the highest levels of unsustainability, with the legal dimension standing out as the most unsustainable among those analyzed. The third study integrated the previous chapters and presented models of procedural legal agreements derived from the results obtained. The findings demonstrated the potential of procedural legal agreements as an instrument capable of providing greater effectiveness and procedural efficiency in judicial proceedings, without compromising the quality of outcomes, with positive effects both for environmental protection and for society. Moreover, the identification of the sustainability index proved to be a fundamental element for the development of procedural legal agreements aligned with the social, environmental, and legal realities of the activity under analysis. 2026-02-24T00:00:00Z https://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/26142 Title: Redes neurais convolucionais e previsão climática no monitoramento e manejo da cercosporiose em culuturas de pimenta Authors: Leite, Douglas Vieira Abstract: Cercospora leaf spot, caused by the fungus Cercospora capsici, represents a major phytosanitary challenge for the cultivation of malagueta pepper (Capsicum frutescens), leading to yield losses and increased use of chemical pesticides. This thesis aimed to promote the use of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) integrated with climate forecast data for the automatic detection, severity quantification, and support of sustainable management of Cercospora leaf spot. The research was conducted in the municipality of Lagarto, state of Sergipe, Brazil (coordinates: 10.91°S, 37.66°W), and was structured into four complementary studies encompassing technical, technological, and social dimensions. The first study consisted of a systematic literature review, analyzing 64 studies addressing the use of CNNs for automatic assessment of plant disease severity. The second study focused on the development, comparison, and validation of eight customized models based on the Mask R-CNN and YOLOv8 architectures, using an original dataset composed of 1,645 leaf images containing 6,282 annotated lesions collected under real field conditions. This dataset was made publicly available to the scientific community. Mask R-CNN-based models achieved superior performance in pixel-level metrics, with the mask_rcnn_R101_FPN_3x model reaching an MIoU of 86.0% and an F1-score of 92.4%. In contrast, YOLOv8 models outperformed in disease severity level classification, with the YOLOv8n-Seg model achieving a precision of 95.2% and an F1-score of 95.1%. The third study integrated the segmentation models with climate data obtained via API into a mobile decision support system named FitoView, implemented as a Progressive Web Application (PWA) on the Google Cloud Platform. Validation of the OpenMeteo API revealed high correlations with INMET data for temperature (Pearson correlation coefficient r between 0.90 and 0.97), relative humidity (r between 0.81 and 0.95), and solar radiation (r > 0.90) across four municipalities in the state of Sergipe. The system combines CNN-based image analysis with 48-hour weather forecasts, generating contextualized recommendations through a decision matrix that considers detected disease severity, climatic risk, and suitable spraying conditions. The fourth study investigated challenges and opportunities for implementing Agriculture 4.0 technologies among family farmers in the municipality of Lagarto, using participatory approaches that included the presentation of the FitoView system, interviews on local radio, and the development of educational materials. The adopted methodology was based on dialogical processes of engagement and dissemination, enabling the identification of structural limitations—such as connectivity constraints and the need for digital skills training—as well as significant opportunities, particularly the widespread adoption of smartphones. In summary, the results of the four studies demonstrate that the integration of artificial intelligence and climate data can effectively support plant disease control and promote more sustainable management practices, with the potential to reduce pesticide use, especially when developed in alignment with the realities, needs, and capacities of local family farming systems. 2026-02-23T00:00:00Z https://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/25559 Title: Os padrões da natureza e o ensino de geometria: estratégias pedagógicas à luz da resolução de problemas Authors: Jesus, Robson Andrade de Abstract: The negative impacts of human activity have triggered a scenario of social, environmental, and economic instability; a reflection of a civilizational crisis intertwined with an inefficient educational system in the face of the complex problems of daily life. In this regard, Brazilian educational indicators point to weaknesses in the teaching and learning process, such as the Basic Education Development Index of public schools, which is below government targets. This problem is accentuated in the curricular components that teach Mathematics, a fundamental area of knowledge for understanding the world, present in the curriculum of all stages of basic education. With the aim of fostering critical thinking in students, this thesis had the general objective of analyzing the Pedagogical Strategies articulated in a Didactic Path for the study of Geometry, particularly on the number in circular forms associated with Patterns of Nature, in light of the Teaching-Learning-Assessment methodology of Mathematics through Problem Solving, with seventh-grade students of the Colégio de Aplicação da Universidade Federal de Sergipe (CODAP/UFS). Structured in five interconnected sections, Section I covered the characterization of the spatial scope, the ethical aspects adopted, and the general methodological outlines of this study, which combined qualitative and quantitative approaches, as well as the technical procedures of action research, uniting planning, pedagogical interventions, and evaluation in the investigative process. Section II presented an integrative review, using principles of bibliometrics and content analysis of the selected works, revealing scientific and pedagogical gaps, such as the absence of studies on the Problem-Solving teaching methodology and the use of Nature's Patterns as a context for the problems proposed in the classroom, as proposed in this research. Following this, Section III established the Pedagogical Strategies articulated in a Didactic Path with 12 methodological teaching steps, including the elaboration of the generating problem, assessment for learning, and the link between Problem Solving and the Study of the Environment, in this case, the study of Geometry in contact with Nature. Further on, in Section IV, the potential and limitations of the Didactic Path were identified during two pedagogical interventions at CODAP/UFS. Through participant observation, the following were noted as strengths: motivation, interpersonal dynamics, learning, and the link between practical and theoretical experience; these overcame the challenges encountered, such as the lack of initiative from some group members in the initial stages of the pedagogical interventions. In Section V, the results concern the evaluation of the Didactic Path from the perspective of the participants in this research, through descriptive statistical analysis and correlations, indicating a positive trend by associating the best levels of understanding of the studied knowledge objects with the best indications about the context of Nature's Patterns in the statement of the generating problem. As a general conclusion of this thesis, the adopted Pedagogical Strategies were effective, since geometric knowledge was constructed through the adopted teaching methodology, and student learning was enhanced through activities outside the classroom, in the context of Nature's Patterns. In this way, the geometric knowledge objects studied became understandable and reflective, thus fulfilling the 2030 Agenda, especially Sustainable Development Goal 4, Quality Education.; Los impactos negativos de la actividad humana han desencadenado un escenario de inestabilidad social, ambiental y económica; reflejo de una crisis civilizatoria interconectada con un sistema educativo ineficiente ante los complejos problemas de la vida cotidiana. En este sentido, los indicadores educativos brasileños señalan debilidades en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje, como el Índice de Desarrollo de la Educación Básica de las escuelas públicas, que se encuentra por debajo de las metas gubernamentales. Este problema se acentúa en los componentes curriculares que imparten Matemáticas, un área fundamental del conocimiento para la comprensión del mundo, presente en el currículo de todas las etapas de la educación básica. Con el objetivo de fomentar el pensamiento crítico entre los estudiantes, esta tesis tuvo como objetivo general analizar las Estrategias Pedagógicas articuladas en una Trayectoria Didáctica para el estudio de la Geometría, particularmente sobre el número en formas circulares asociadas con Patrones de la Naturaleza, a la luz de la metodología de Enseñanza-AprendizajeEvaluación de las Matemáticas a través de la Resolución de Problemas, con estudiantes de séptimo grado del Colégio de Aplicação da Universidade Federal de Sergipe (CODAP/UFS). Estructurada en cinco secciones interconectadas, la Sección I cubrió la caracterización del alcance espacial, los aspectos éticos adoptados y los esquemas metodológicos generales de este estudio, que combinó enfoques cualitativos y cuantitativos, además de los procedimientos técnicos de la investigación-acción, uniendo planificación, intervenciones pedagógicas y evaluación en el proceso de investigación. En la Sección II, se presentó una revisión integradora, utilizando principios de bibliometría y análisis de contenido de los trabajos seleccionados, lo que resultó en brechas científicas y pedagógicas, como la ausencia de estudios sobre la metodología de enseñanza de Resolución de Problemas y los Patrones de la Naturaleza como contexto para los problemas propuestos en el aula, como se propone en esta investigación. Luego, en la Sección III, se establecieron las Estrategias Pedagógicas articuladas en una Ruta Didáctica con 12 pasos metodológicos de enseñanza, entre los cuales están la elaboración del problema generador, la evaluación para el aprendizaje y el vínculo entre la Resolución de Problemas y el Estudio del Entorno, en este caso, el estudio de la Geometría en contacto con la Naturaleza. Más adelante, en la Sección IV, se identificaron las potencialidades y limitaciones de la Ruta Didáctica durante dos intervenciones pedagógicas en CODAP/UFS, que, basadas en la observación participante, revelaron las siguientes potencialidades: motivación, dinámica interpersonal, aprendizaje y el vínculo entre la experiencia práctica y teórica; Los desafíos encontrados, como la falta de iniciativa de algunos miembros del grupo en las etapas iniciales de las intervenciones pedagógicas, fueron superados. La Sección V presenta los resultados de la evaluación del Proceso Didáctico desde la perspectiva de los participantes, mediante análisis estadístico descriptivo y correlaciones. Se observa una tendencia positiva al asociar los mejores niveles de comprensión de los objetos de conocimiento estudiados con las mejores indicaciones sobre el contexto de los Patrones de la Naturaleza en el planteamiento del problema generador. En conclusión, las Estrategias Pedagógicas adoptadas resultaron efectivas, ya que el conocimiento geométrico se construyó a través de la metodología de enseñanza empleada, potenciando el aprendizaje de los estudiantes mediante actividades extracurriculares, en el contexto de los Patrones de la Naturaleza. De esta manera, los objetos de conocimiento geométrico estudiados se volvieron comprensibles y reflexivos, cumpliendo así con la Agenda 2030, especialmente con el Objetivo de Desarrollo Sostenible 4: Educación de Calidad. 2026-06-19T00:00:00Z https://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/25347 Title: A (in)segurança alimentar e a atividade de mariscagem: o caso do povoado Preguiça em Indiaroba/SE Authors: Jesus, Cristiane Neyre Almeida de Abstract: Shellfish gathering, a low-environmental-impact artisanal activity predominantly carried out by women, constitutes a traditional subsistence practice and a means of defending the mangrove as a territory of life. However, communities that depend on this activity face growing environmental, social, and economic challenges, especially due to the expansion of shrimp farming, which degrades mangrove ecosystems and compromises food security. This thesis, developed in the community of Preguiça (Indiaroba, Sergipe State, Brazil), analyzed the social, environmental, economic, and operational conditions related to shellfish gathering and shrimp farming, with a focus on food (in)security and food sovereignty, in dialogue with Sustainable Development Goal 2 (SDG 2) of the 2030 Agenda.The methodological approach of the thesis was qualitative–quantitative in the first two articles and quantitative in the third, based on data from the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale (EBIA) and the application of correlation statistics. In addition, data collection procedures included community-based questionnaires, photographic records, workshops, and other methodological strategies. The study was structured into three articles: (i) characterization of the community’s socio-territorial profile, revealing marked socio-environmental vulnerability; (ii) identification of threats to shellfish gathering, highlighting its historical invisibility and the risk of extinction in the face of the advance of shrimp farming; and (iii) assessment of food security, indicating severe food insecurity among shellfish gatherers and moderate food insecurity in the community as a whole, with EBIA index values of 0.71 and 0.51, respectively. It is concluded that shrimp farming weakens shellfish gathering, intensifies socio-environmental vulnerability, and aggravates food insecurity, especially among women. There is an urgent need to implement integrated public policies that strengthen shellfish production, ensure access to diversified foods, and preserve ecosystems, thereby guaranteeing the right to food and the sustainability of local livelihoods. 2026-02-27T00:00:00Z