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Programa de terapia assistida por cavalos na funcionalidade e qualidade de vida em pessoas com Epilepsia

2024-05-22T00:00:00Z

Título: Programa de terapia assistida por cavalos na funcionalidade e qualidade de vida em pessoas com Epilepsia Autor(es): Santos, Caroline Souza Abstract: Epilepsy is a clinical condition characterized by an excessive and abnormal disturbance of brain cells, causing epileptic seizures and neurobiological, cognitive and social changes. Equine assisted therapy (CAT) is a therapeutic method that uses horses in an interdisciplinary approach through recreational and sporting activities. This study investigated the impact of TAC on quality of life, functional independence, sleep quality, anticonvulsant medications and frequency of epileptic seizures. Fourteen participants aged between four and thirty-five years, diagnosed with focal epilepsy, participated in a structured TAC program. The program consisted of 36 sessions, each session lasting 30 minutes and held weekly. Data collection occurred at four different moments: baseline (T1), after 12 sessions (T2), after 24 sessions (T3) and after 36 sessions (T4). Assessments included Quality of Life in Epilepsy (QOLIE-31), Functional Independence Measure (MIF), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Liverpool Adverse Event Profile (LAEP). Seizures frequency was continuously monitored. Horse welfare was assessed using the Animal Welfare Expertise Protocol (PPBEA). After the TAC intervention, significant improvements were observed in quality of life (p = 0.002), functionality (p < 0.001), adverse effects of medications (p = 0.034) and subjective sleep quality (p = 0.041). In the frequency of crises, there was a significant reduction between 24 weeks (number of episodes: 0; p < 0.001) and 36 weeks (number of episodes: 0.2/person; p = 0.002), indicating a potential period of improvement in crises epileptic. The PPBEA indicated satisfactory welfare conditions for the horses. These findings suggest that CT, through contact with the animal and the three-dimensional movement generated by it, is a promising therapeutic intervention to improve quality of life, functionality, control of adverse effects from the use of medications, quality of sleep and the frequency of epileptic seizures in people with epilepsy.

Hipomineralização Molar-incisivo e desempenho escolar de crianças de 8 a 10 anos de idade em Lagarto, Sergipe, Brasil.

2024-08-29T00:00:00Z

Título: Hipomineralização Molar-incisivo e desempenho escolar de crianças de 8 a 10 anos de idade em Lagarto, Sergipe, Brasil. Autor(es): Monteiro, Letícia Paixão Abstract: Teeth affected by molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH) can exhibit both aesthetic and functional alterations due to the presence of demarcated opacities of various colors and sizes, an increased risk of caries and post-eruptive enamel breakdown, and dentin hypersensitivity. Since oral health can reflect the general health status of individuals, oral alterations that cause pain have been associated with poorer school performance and increased absenteeism. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the impact of MIH on the school performance of children aged 8 to 10 years enrolled in public and private schools in the municipality of Lagarto, Sergipe, Brazil. This observational cross-sectional study collected socioeconomic and demographic characteristics from a questionnaire administered to the children's legal guardians. Clinical dental examinations were conducted to diagnose caries, using the decayed, missing, and filled teeth index (dmft/DMFT) and MIH, according to the diagnostic criteria of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry (EAPD). Additionally, the Brazilian adaptation of the Child Perceptions Questionnaire (CPQ) short form was applied to the children, and their quantitative performance in basic school subjects, portuguese and mathematics, was analyzed using data obtained directly from the schools. The final sample consisted of 330 children, of whom 176 (53.3%) were female, with a mean age of 8.92 years. The prevalence of MIH was 18.2%, with severity levels classified as mild (13.7%), moderate (2.1%), and severe (2.4%). A significant association was found between caries experience and MIH severity (p = 0.035). Comparison of DMFT values showed that children with MIH had higher index scores (p = 0.018), as did those with more severe degrees of MIH (p < 0.001). However, no significant associations were identified between school performance variables and MIH. In conclusion, MIH was not associated with school performance in this sample, but it was linked to caries experience in schoolchildren.

Níveis séricos de CXCL12 nas diferentes formas e fases clínicas da Leishmaniose Visceral

2024-07-26T00:00:00Z

Título: Níveis séricos de CXCL12 nas diferentes formas e fases clínicas da Leishmaniose Visceral Autor(es): Santos, Rogério Silva Abstract: Introduction: Leishmaniasis is an endemic disease in tropical regions that can manifest in cutaneous, mucocutaneous, and visceral (VL) forms, known as kala-azar. The immune response to parasitic infection is complex, and its course depends on the cellular and molecular agents present at the time of infection. The chemokine CXCL12 plays a pleiotropic and crucial role in physiological processes such as embryogenesis, hematopoiesis, angiogenesis, and inflammation, as it activates and induces the migration of hematopoietic stem cells and endothelial cells in most leukocytes. Given this molecule's significant role in hematopoietic activation and differentiation, which is targeted by Leishmania sp., it is necessary to investigate its involvement in this comorbidity. Objective: To evaluate serum levels of the chemokine CXCL12 in different forms and clinical stages of VL. Methodology:This is a case-control study conducted at LIBM of HU-UFS, following ethical standards. Participants were divided into case groups (diagnosed with VL) and control groups (DTH+ and endemic controls). Serum was extracted and analyzed for cytokines and chemokines using multiplex. Clinical and laboratory data were collected from medical records, and statistical analysis employed Kruskal-Wallis tests and Spearman correlation, considering p-values <0.05 as significant. Results: Individuals with the symptomatic and active form of VL had elevated serum levels of CXCL12 compared to asymptomatic individuals. During treatment, CXCL12 concentration decreased to levels similar to the control group. The correlations between chemokines were predominantly positive, indicating a synergistic interaction among the molecules. The correlation between CXCL12 and hematocrit showed a Spearman coefficient (Rho) of -0.48, while the correlation between CXCL12 and hemoglobin had Rho=-0.53 with significant p-values. These negative values indicate that as CXCL12 expression increases, hematocrit and hemoglobin levels tend to decrease. This inverse relationship suggests that CXCL12 may play a regulatory role in decreasing hematocrit and hemoglobin levels, possibly interfering with the normal balance of these molecules in the blood. The lack of studies on CXCL12 in humans with VL is noted, although studies in murine models indicate that CXCL12 influences the attraction of hematopoietic progenitors. Conclusion: The study indicates that serum expression of CXCL12 decreases during VL treatment, aligning with the clinical recovery of patients. The research contributes to understanding the immunological dynamics in VL and suggests that CXCL12 may be an important biomarker for monitoring treatment. However, further studies are needed to explore the involvement of CXCL12 in the development of VL.

Análise do fenótipo muscular lombar em indivíduos com Digh no município de Itabaianinha Sergipe

2024-07-26T00:00:00Z

Título: Análise do fenótipo muscular lombar em indivíduos com Digh no município de Itabaianinha Sergipe Autor(es): Bispo, Luiz Felipe Oliveira Abstract: The lumbar spine is a spinal axis commonly affected by pain in most people. In Itabaianinha, in the interior of Sergipe, there is a population with GH hormone deficiency due to a mutation in the GHRH-R gene. It is important to mention that the scientific literature still does not have clear data regarding the analysis of strength and resistance of the lumbar spine in this population, therefore, this study aims to analyze the muscular phenotype with characteristics of strength and resistance of the lumbar spine in individuals with GH and IGF-I deficiency. The probability of early low back pain, isometric relationship of trunk extensors with nonspecific low back pain, quantification of muscle action potential using, respectively, the Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire, Sorensen Test and electromyographic parameters were evaluated. This is an analytical, observational and cross-sectional study that will compare the DIGH group (GHRH-R c.57 + 1G>A), vs. Control Group (CG), of both sexes aged 18 years and over, matched by age, sex, BMI and dexterity. The data were analyzed by the free software JAMOVI® version 2.3 for Windows® and were used for a significance level of 5% at p<0.05, with 95% confidence intervals. The Shapiro-Wilk test was used to test the normality of the data distribution. The t-test for independent samples was used for parametric data and the Man-Whitney test for nonparametric data. It was observed that the DIGH group, compared to the control group, presented a higher value for myoelectric activity, with a significant difference for the right spinal muscles (79.1±5.2 vs. 65.6±4.0) (p˂0.050) (CI: -27.0-0.14) and a higher value for conduction velocity with a significant difference in the right spinal muscle region (164.2±10.05 vs. 122.5±6.3) (p˂ (0.002) (CI: -66.79-16.71). Regarding the analysis of MVIC, left spinal myoelectric activity, fractal dimension and conduction velocity parameters of the left spinal muscles, there is no difference between the groups. Thus, the results point to a greater resistance to peripheral fatigue in the right spinal muscles in the DIGH group and greater right muscle electrical activity by EMG, in addition to better results pertinent to functionality and pain index.