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A formação em nutrição no estado de Sergipe

2024-02-29T00:00:00Z

Título: A formação em nutrição no estado de Sergipe Autor(es): Lessa, Marília Prudente Freire Abstract: The nutritionist is a professional qualified to work in all processes associated with food and nutrition, with the aim of promoting health, ensuring food safety and preventing diseases, both individually and collectively, and at all stages or cycles of life. The National Curricular Guidelines for the Nutrition course states that courses should train professionals with a generalist profile, able to work to promote, maintain and recover of the nutritional status of individuals or population groups, based on ethical principles, and with skills to reflect on the context social, political, economic and cultural of society, with an emphasis on the Unified Health System (Sistema Único de Saúde – SUS). The current epidemiological-nutritional profile of the population associated with the different realities of individuals, reiterates the need to reflect on the training model for nutritionists. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze training in Nutrition in Higher Education Institutions in the state of Sergipe. This research resulted in three manuscripts, in which data was collected remotely, via Google Forms, supported by the study by Magalhães et al. (2022), which confirms how promising and effective remote research has become. Both questionnaires (for professors and for students) were made up of open and objective questions. As for 1 st manuscript, a descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out, of a qualitative and quantitative nature, with internship coordinators, professors and internship preceptors of all Nutrition courses in the state of Sergipe. It found that Nutrition training in the state is reductionist and limited aspects on the public health area. The scenario presented by the participants proved to be challenging, both in relation to the difficulties of teaching itself, and local and national public policies. These challenges have an impact on the teaching-learning process and, mainly, on for professional practice. Regarding 2nd manuscript, a cross-sectional analytical study, of a quantitative nature was carried out. The research universe comprised graduates of the undergraduate course in Nutrition at the Federal University of Sergipe. It emerged that satisfaction with their training and dissatisfaction with professional practice was mainly due to low wages. Furthermore, dissatisfaction is linked to working in a field that is not their preferred one. As for the 3 rd manuscript, a longitudinal, observational and analytical study was carried out with graduates of the Nutrition course at the Federal University of Sergipe. The evaluation showed that although the positive perception of the course has increased over the years, professional satisfaction has not followed suit, revealing weaknesses such as working conditions, which include adequate workload without overload, adequate wages and professional valorization. Finally, it is of fundamental importance to continue researching with the professor staff and students, as it prompts reflections and provides points for reinventing for individuals

Satisfação com a amamentação entre puérperas da rede pública de saúde

2022-04-01T00:00:00Z

Título: Satisfação com a amamentação entre puérperas da rede pública de saúde Autor(es): Martins, Larissa Santos Abstract: Assessing maternal satisfaction with breastfeeding is one of the ways of evaluating the success of breastfeeding, taking into account the woman's perception and meeting the mutual needs of mother and baby. However, little is known about the breastfeeding satisfaction of low-income mothers and its associated factors. The aim was therefore to assess the level of maternal satisfaction with breastfeeding and its associated factors. This is a cross-sectional, observational study of mothers over 18 years of age, 30 to 180 days postpartum, who underwent the heel prick test at the Basic Health Units in Aracaju, Sergipe. Sampling was by convenience, based on the contacts available on the heel prick test list. Data was collected by telephone and the Maternal Breastfeeding Evaluation Scale (MBES) was used to assess maternal satisfaction with breastfeeding, as well as a semi-structured questionnaire with socio-economic, pregnancy, childbirth and puerperium data. The outcome was greater satisfaction, based on a score equal to or above the MBFES median. The chi-square or Fisher's exact test was calculated, with the application of the Odds Ratio and 95% confidence intervals, in order to find out the relationship between the outcome and the variables of interest. In the multivariate analysis, a logistic regression model was built, with intra-block analysis. A total of 291 puerperal women took part, with a median satisfaction with breastfeeding of 128 points, a minimum of 67 and a maximum of 145 points. In the multivariate analysis, in the distal block, greater satisfaction was associated with family income of less than one minimum wage (OR=2.12, 95%CI: 1.20- 3.74), in the intermediate block, the number of adequate prenatal consultations (OR=2.63, 95%CI: 1.01-6.85) and, from the proximal block, the absence of difficulty breastfeeding (OR=2.13, 95%CI: 1.21-3.75), current exclusive breastfeeding (OR=1.76, 95%CI: 1.04-2.99) and help with caring for the child during meals (OR=1.83, 95%CI: 1.01-3.31). Satisfaction with breastfeeding among puerperal women was high, and those with lower purchasing power, adequate prenatal care, breastfeeding exclusively and without difficulties and who had a support network had higher levels of satisfaction.

Potencial prebiótico da farinha do subproduto de umbu-cajá (Spondias spp.) na microbiota colônica humana

2023-10-16T00:00:00Z

Título: Potencial prebiótico da farinha do subproduto de umbu-cajá (Spondias spp.) na microbiota colônica humana Autor(es): Oliveira, Jordana Nunes de Abstract: Umbu-cajá (Spondias spp.) is a tropical fruit typical of Northeastern Brazil, considered a natural hybrid between the umbuzeiro (Spondias tuberosa) and the cajazeira (Spondias lutea). The byproduct from the industrial processing of umbu-cajá has high nutritional value, due to the amount of dietary fiber and bioactive compounds, which together may have prebiotic potential. Furthermore, the use of the umbu-cajá by-product can prolong the use of its fruits in periods outside the harvest, contributing to the sustainability of the food system. In this context, the study aimed to develop a flour from the by-product of agro-industrial processing of umbu-cajá (FUC) and evaluate the potential prebiotic effect during in vitro colonic fermentation. The flour was made from the by-product of umbu-cajá, followed by physical-chemical characterization. Subsequently, the flour was subjected to in vitro gastrointestinal digestion, and the relative abundance of bacterial groups present in the human colonic microbiota was evaluated using the in situ hybridization fluorescence technique coupled with multiparametric flow cytometry during 48 h of in vitro fermentation, determining prebiotic indices. Microbial metabolic activity was evaluated by determining pH, quantifying sugars, organic acids, identifying the metabolic profile and antioxidant activity, evaluated at times 0, 24 and 48 h of colonic fermentation. The results were expressed as the mean ± estimated standard deviation and subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by the Tukey test; and unpaired Student's t test. P values <0.5 were considered significant (5% significance level). Umbu-cajá flour had low moisture content, high insoluble fiber content (57.46 ± 0.28 mg/100 g) and flavonols Quercetin 3-Glucoside and procyanidin B2 (36.96 ± 0.31 and 9.81 ± 0.02 mg/100 g, respectively). Digested FUC showed a positive prebiotic index (5.37 ± 1.16 to 11.86 ± 1.47) and intense microbial metabolic activity during colonic fermentation, from the consumption of sugars (glucose and fructose), production of short-chain fatty acids (acetic, lactic, butyric and propionic) proven from the global metabolic profile, concomitant with a decrease in pH values and an increase in antioxidant activity. These findings show that FUC is a potentially prebiotic product, due to its ability to positively modulate the intestinal microbiota. These results may encourage the agro-industrial sector to evaluate fruit processing by-products as value-added products.

Fatores associados ao risco de doenças de transmissão hídrica e alimentar em unidades de alimentação e nutrição escolar: primeira avaliação nacional

2023-08-25T00:00:00Z

Título: Fatores associados ao risco de doenças de transmissão hídrica e alimentar em unidades de alimentação e nutrição escolar: primeira avaliação nacional Autor(es): Santana, Elis Rejane Araujo Abstract: The National School Feeding Program stands out nationally and internationally for covering food as the Human Right to Adequate Food and Food and Nutritional Safety, aiming to contribute to biopsychosocial development, school performance, and the formation of healthy eating habits. One of the main milestones of the program was the enactment of Law No. 11,947/2009, as through it a healthy and diversified diet was guaranteed, the appreciation of family farming, and the use of Good Manipulation Practices promoting adequate hygienicsanitary conditions. The risk assessment determines the risk and estimates the potential for adverse health effects when an individual or population is exposed to a hazard. The present study intends to evaluate the School Food and Nutrition Units of Brazilian public schools regarding the degree of risk of Waterborne and Foodborne Diseases and their associated factors. This is a cross-sectional study, which used data obtained from two questionnaires (identified as QA - Characterization of the sampled unit (school) and QF - Evaluation of the school feeding unit) of the National Survey of Food Consumption and Nutritional Profile of School Children, Management and Social Control Models of the National School Feeding Program, conducted by the Associação Brasileira de Nutrição in 2007. The sample was representative of public elementary schools in Brazil. The evaluation of the schools took place through the calculation and categorization of risk (dependent variable), according to the methodology developed and validated by Viera et al. (2022), dichotomized into Medium/High Risk (yes/no). Risk predictor factors (independent variables), such as evolution to good handling practices, school location, presence of basic sanitation services, and administrative linkage, were analyzed using Multiple Logistic Regression. The analyzes were carried out using the statistical software SPSS version 28 and Stata version 9 considering a significance level of 5%. Descriptive analysis, Pearson's Chi-square test, and Multiple Logistic Regression are applied. The baseline research was tested and approved by the Research Ethics Committee of União Social Camiliana - Centro Universitário São Camilo, with Opinion number 022/07. Of the 937 School Food and Nutrition Units (SFNU) in Brazil, 31.1% were concentrated in the Northeast region and 24.5% in the North, with the majority located in the urban area (85.3%) and managed by themselves ( 92.8%). It is observed that for good practices 42.8% of SFNU were between 51 and 75% of compliance (Group 2). In assessing the degree of risk, 44.8% (n=420) of the SFNU showed a Medium/High Risk of developing an outbreak of Waterborne and Foodborne Diseases (WFD), with a statistically significant relationship (p<0.05) with the good practices, Brazilian region, type of management, sewage system, waste destination and location (rural and urban). It is concluded, therefore, that the probability of SFNU in Brazilian public schools having Medium/High Risk of WFD is related to presenting 51 to 75% of compliance with Good Practices, not having garbage collection, and being from the North or Northeast, while being connected to the sewer network reduces the likelihood of Medium/High Risk of WFD.