https://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/2477 Mon, 10 Aug 2026 16:56:05 GMT 2026-08-10T16:56:05Z http://ri.ufs.br:80/retrieve/2a29d6ad-6139-4b8c-b14b-f048aa6ce58e/PROARQ.jfif https://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/2477 https://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/25730 Título: As marcas da ancestralidade: um olhar sobre modificações dentárias internacionais na cidade de Marechal Deodoro –AL Autor(es): Almeida, Jane Viana Abstract: The present study presents the results of analyses of dental modifications and dental wear found in the skeletal remains of individuals from the Igreja Matriz de Nossa Senhora da Conceição, located in the city of Marechal Deodoro, AL. The main objective of the research was to identify the patterns of dental modifications in these individuals and evaluate the levels of dental wear, as well as determine the morphological and biocultural factors to better understand their ancestry. The study aimed to investigate the biocultural markers of these individuals, their ethnic group, and the purpose of the dentale, 210 teeth were analyzed, 15 of which showed intentional dental modifications. This site revealed a pattern of intentional dental modifications that suggests a biocultural marker, similar to the patterns found at the previously mentioned sites. As such, this study provides new information and interpretative elements regarding the cultural dental modification patterns present in Brazil. Mon, 24 Feb 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/25730 2025-02-24T00:00:00Z https://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/25729 Título: Vivências Tupi na Chapada do Araripe: entre o ritualismo e o cotidiano Autor(es): Costa, Marlene dos Santos Abstract: The thesis was based on the hypothesis that the materiality of the Tupí populations, together with the study of the landscape, ethnographic and ethnohistorical data, and long-term indigenous history, provide valuable information about the experiences of these peoples in semi-arid environments. Traditionally, the families of the Tupí linguistic trunk have been studied in terms of their origins and expansion routes from the Amazonian areas to the coastal and tropical regions. In this context, the objective of the research was to map the experiences of indigenous peoples before the full European incursion into the Chapada do Araripe region, focusing on the daily and ritual practices shared throughout the history of these communities, especially in the Northeast. To achieve this objective, the research was based on the identification of “recurring patterns”, aligned with technological and morphological attributes, in association with the marks of use, of the recovered materiality, according to the perspective of Skibo (2015), correlating them with the topographic profiles of the areas of intra-site wanderings of eight selected archaeological sites. These sites are located in the municipality of Caldeirão Grande do Piauí, on the border with the states of Ceará and Pernambuco, more precisely at the top of Chapada, in areas with altitudes higher than 700 meters in relation to sea level. The methodology adopted included the mapping of the areas between the archaeological sites using GPS coordinates, aerial images, GIS programs, in addition to the reinterpretation of the places using AI, enabling intra- and inter-site spatial analyses. This approach aimed to understand the landscape, the places and the temporality in which the sites are inserted. In addition, bibliographical references, images and contexts about the plateau were collected, which led us to use the perspective of archaeological artifacts, the presence or absence of river areas that may have served as flows for human and non-human activities, according to the perspectives of Landscape Archaeology and the concepts of place of Thomas (2001), in collaboration with the ideas of Ingold (1993), Tilley (2014) and Bender (2002). The analysis of the materiality recovered through technological and morphological studies allowed inferences about the organization and correlation of these experiences in the aspects of the landscape and place, with the aim of understanding the diversity of human and non-human experiences. As a result, potential maps of possible experiences in the landscape were created. Wed, 26 Feb 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/25729 2025-02-26T00:00:00Z https://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/25728 Título: Marcas da morte: uma análise das manipulações intencionais em indivíduos não adultos do sítio Lajedo do Cruzeiro, Pocinhos/PB Autor(es): Lima, Danúbia Valéria Rodrigues de Abstract: Marks of intentional bone manipulation on human osteological remains are a cultural expression that remains under-explored within the archaeological funerary context. These marks can be distinguished across various parts of the human skeleton and are produced as a result of distinct activities, such as funerary practices, cannibalism or anthropophagy, and even as a consequence of medical activities. Thus, it is through the identification and differential diagnosis of intentional manipulation marks that an understanding of these practices can be achieved.To develop the research presented here, a sample from the Lajedo do Cruzeiro site (Pocinhos, Paraíba, Brazil) was studied, from which 16 individuals were exhumed (3 adults and 13 non-adults). These remains exhibited perimortem manipulations on the bone surface, such as disarticulation, defleshing, and sectioning (removal) of the distal or proximal ends of the diaphyses, as well as alterations to the medullary canal. For this collective secondary burial, a dating of 1680 ± 30 BP was obtained through a bone sample. Based on the analysis, our objective was to identify the timing of these marks—whether they occurred immediately post-mortem, during the period of cadaveric decomposition, or after the skeletonization of the individual. Additionally, we sought to identify recurrences in "cut marks on the bone" and "marks of the bone" (structural cuts) that might indicate funerary patterns between adult and non-adult individuals. To address our research questions, we employed Bioarchaeology methodology to outline the biological profile of the individuals, estimating the minimum number of individuals (MNI), sex diagnosis, age at death, and pathological processes. We also utilized the methodology adapted from Botella et al. (1999) and Botella (2000) for the identification and study of the bone cut marks observed in the sample.In this way, the results discussed in light of other similar cases allowed us to characterize intentional bone manipulations, creating an overview for the Northeast region and, consequently, enabling an understanding of practices related to secondary burials, which are still poorly documented in archaeological research. Wed, 26 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/25728 2026-08-26T00:00:00Z https://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/25727 Título: Memória, patrimônio e arqueologia dos torpedeamentos (1942): Sergipe no cenário da Segunda Guerra Mundial Autor(es): Rosa, Roberta da Silva Abstract: During the winter of August 1942, in the context of World War II, three Brazilian merchant ships were attacked by the German submarine U-507 off the coasts of Sergipe and Bahia. The torpedoing and subsequent sinking of the vessels Baependí, Araraquara, and Aníbal Benévolo resulted in the deaths of hundreds of Brazilians, including military personnel and civilians, among whom were women and children. These tragic maritime events, known as the Brazilian Pearl Harbor, were considered the trigger for Getúlio Vargas's government to declare war on Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy. In this context, the present thesis aims to investigate the histories of the three mentioned merchant ships using the theoretical andmethodological framework of the Archaeologies of War, Conflict, Aquatic Environments, and the Contemporary Past. The research is based on material, oral, documentary, iconographic, cartographic, and bibliographic sources, seeking to identify the technological characteristics of the vessels, their routes, the profile of the crews and passengers, and to document the stories of some victims and contemporaries of the time through material culture. As a development, the thesis includes the Second World War Submerged Project, which aims to conduct a sonar survey to detect the possible locations of two of these torpedoed ships. To this end, fieldwork is conducted using methods and techniques from Underwater Archaeology to locate the archaeological shipwreck sites of Aníbal Benévolo and Baependí and investigate their conservation conditions after 82 years on the floor of the South Atlantic. The relevance of the thesis lies in the fact that it is an unprecedented study proposing two archaeological expeditions in search of these remnants of torpedoed shipwrecks, which are part of Brazil's Underwater Cultural Heritage. One confirmed result of the research is that the wreck of the Aníbal Benévolo is not located at the sites indicated by historical sources. However, for Archaeology, the absence of material evidence constitutes valuable information. Consequently, new hypotheses suggest that the ships may lie at greater depths, near thecontinental slope, in an area not yet mapped. Although the wrecks were not located, the archaeological research has generated interpretations that challenge the historical understanding consolidated over the past 80 years. This justifies the investment andm demonstrates advances, such as the production of a documentary showcasing the development of the research and its contributions to disseminating the stories of the torpedoing events that occurred during the most far-reaching global conflict of the 20th century.; Durante el invierno de agosto de 1942, en el contexto de la Segunda Guerra Mundial, tres navíos mercantes brasileños fueron atacados por el submarino alemán U-507, entre las regiones del litoral de Sergipe y Bahia. Los ataques y consecuentes naufragios de lasembarcaciones Baependí, Araraquara y Aníbal Benévolo resultaron en la muerte de centenas de brasileños, incluso militares y civiles, entre los cuales se encontraban mujeres y niños. Estos trágicos eventos marítimos conocidos como el Pearl Harbor Brasileño, fueron considerados el fusible para que el gobierno de Getúlio Vargas declarase guerra a la Alemania Nazista y a la Itália Facista. Delante de este contexto, la presente tesis tiene como objetivo investigar las historias de los tres navíos mercantes ya mencionados, utilizando la fundamentación teórico-metodológica de las Arqueologías de la Guerra, del Conflicto, de Ambientes Acuáticos y del Pasado Contemporáneo. La búsqueda se basa en fuentesmateriales, orales documentales, iconográficas, cartográficas y bibliográficas, buscando identificar las características tecnológicas de las embarcaciones, sus rutas, el perfil de las tripulaciones y de los pasajeros, además de registrar las historias de algunas víctimas y de los contemporáneos de la época por medio de la cultura material. Como desdoblamiento, la tesis incluye el Proyecto Segunda Guerra Sumergida, cuyo objetivo es realizar un levantamiento a través de olas sonoras para detectar las posibles ubicaciones de dos de estos navíos atacados por torpedos. Para tal, son conducidas investigaciones de campo empleando métodos y técnicas de la Arqueología Subacuática, con el intuito de encontrar los sitios arqueológicos de naufragios del Aníbal Benévolo y del Baependí e investigar sus condiciones de conservación después de 82 años en el fondo del Atlántico Sur. La relevancia de la tesis reside en tratar de una pesquisa inédita, que propone la realización de dos expediciones arqueológicas en la búsqueda de naufragios remanescentes de los ataques a los submarinos, los cuales integran el Patrimonio Cultural Subacuático Brasileño. Uno de los resultados confirmados por la investigación es el naufragio del Aníbal Benévolo que no se encuentra en las ubicaciones indicadas por las fuentes históricas. Entretanto, para la Arqueología, la ausencia de materialidad constituye una evidencia valiosa de información. Delante de esto, nuevas hipótesis son lanzadas sugiriendo que los navíos pueden estar en mayores profundidades, próximos de los taludes continentales en una área aún no mapeada. Aunque los naufragios no han sido localizados, la búsqueda arqueológica generó interpretaciones que desafían el entendimiento histórico consolidado en los últimos 80 años. Tal fato justifica la inversión y demuestra los avances, como por ejemplo la producción de un documental que presenta el desarrollo de la investigación y sus contribuciones para la divulgación de las historias de los ataques por torpedos, ocurridos durante el conflicto de mayor alcance mundial del siglo XX. Wed, 26 Jun 2024 00:00:00 GMT https://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/25727 2024-06-26T00:00:00Z