Questionário de frequência alimentar de alimentos com alto teor de sódio : uso do método das tríades na sua validação

Abstract

Introduction: Morbimortality rates due to Systemic Arterial Hypertension remain high in Brazil and worldwide. A validated FFQ to estimate sodium intake may assist in identification of individuals at risk of developing hypertension. Objective: To validate an instrument for assessing the consumption of high in sodium foods in adult population, and to verify the reproducibility. Methods: Cross-sectional study, sampling of 50 individuals ≥18 years, both sexes. Applied 4 R24h, QFA-ATS twice, and a socioeconomic and dietary habits questionnaire. Collected two 24-hour urinary excretions for sodium analysis, besides anthropometry. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test verified data distribution. Calculated Spearman's correlation coefficients, and used the triad method by validity coefficient (ρ) for validation. For reproducibility, used the ICC and IC95%, Kappa coefficient, and Bland-Altman graphs for agreement. Sodium adjusted by the residual method. Results: Validity coefficients for energy adjusted sodium considered high for R24h (ρRIR = 0.85), and weak for QFA-ATS (ρQFAIR = 0.26), and Biomarker (ρBIR = 0.20). ICC for crude sodium was 0.686 and 0.541 for adjusted. Weighted Kappa was 0.491 (p<0.01) and 0.260 (p=0.024) for raw and adjusted sodium respectively. Conclusion: Although the QFA-ATS is reproducible, it is not valid for evaluation of sodium intake, and should not use alone for this purpose.