Efeito antioxidante e hepatoprotetor de mangaba (Hancornia speciosa G) em modelo de estresse oxidativo induzido por tetracloreto de carbono

Abstract

This study investigate in vitro antioxidant activities of bioactive compounds in mango extract including pulp and peel (PCM), and hepatoprotective effect against oxidative stress induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). Proximate composition (humidity, proteins, ash, lipids and total carbohydrates total), color analysis, acidity, pH, total soluble solids (Brix°), vitamin C, carotenoids were determined and total phenolic content was found by Folin Ciocalteau. Aqueous (EAq) and hydroethanol (EEtOH) extracts were obtained from lyophilized PCM and antioxidant activity was evaluated in different in vitro models: DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), β-carotene system/linoleic acid system and spontaneous lipoperoxidation. Also, effect of EAq against oxidative damage induced by CCl4 was evaluated in Wistar rats, EAq from PCM was administered by gavage at concentrations of 200 and 400 mg/kg of body weight for 14 days. PCM contains high amount of water (84.13%) and low pH (3.2), being classified as acidic fruit. Both extracts consist of expressive amounts of total phenolics, approximately 245 mg EAg/100 g fresh fruit. On the other hand, EEtOH was characterized by best capacity of inhibition of ABTS radical (2.63 mg) and reduction of iron (1861 μmol Fe2SO4 ferrous sulfate/mL EEtOH). Both EAq and EEtOH extracts were distinguished by the inhibition of carotene oxidation, around 60% (p> 0.005) and reduction of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances. Administration of CCl4 had its effect approved by increased hepatic lesion parameters: alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and gamma-GT (γ-GT). EAq showed pronounced effect against hepatic injury with reducing the amount of biochemical markers, as well as increased tissue antioxidant activity, reduced iron ions and attenuated lipoperoxidation from •CCl3 radical. Histological studies confirmed positive effects, demonstrating that analyzed liver tissues exhibited preservation of the framework, reduction of hepatocytes with fat and suppression of necrotic signs in animals treated with EAq.