Comparando a síndrome de Burnout em profissionais de enfermagem de dois níveis de atenção em saúde

Abstract

Burnout syndrome (BS) can be defined as a "chronic adaptive disorder associated with labor demands, whose development is insiodious and often unrecognized by the individual, with multiple symptomatology, predominating emotional exhaustion". Although the number of studies involving the subject has increased considerably in the last decades, there is no consensus on the role of sociodemographic, professional and leisure factors in the development of BS nor concise data showing the prevalence of BS in Brazil. This research is a cross-sectional, descriptive, analytical, observational and exploratory study carried out with nursing professionals in the regional hospital of Lagarto and in the basic health units of this city, with the objective of evaluating the presence of BS and its variables in this population. The sociodemographic, professional and leisure questionnaire was used in addition to the Maslash Burnout Inventory - General Survey (MBI-GS) to identify BS and its EE, CY and EW dimensions. The present study interviewed 80 professionals, predominantly female, with whom it was found low risk for BS in the BHU and moderate for the hospital. CY and EW demonstrated low interference in both environments, while EE was moderate for the hospital and low for BHU. The hospital environment showed moderate levels for Burnout Syndrome, while the BHU showed results reflecting lower risks for BS. In summary, the figures obtained from Emotional Exhaustion in both sectors were relevant, and it is concluded that studies should continue to investigate the relationship between the work environment and workers' health, as well as the elucidation of more reliable epidemiological data, especially in Brazil, so that prevention and treatment measures are implemented.