Reuso da água e a formação do sujeito ecológico : uma proposta para uma escola sustentável

Abstract

Human action has had a negative impact on the planet, because economic rationality, as a consequence of the appropriation of science and technique by the capitalist system, has allowed humans to run wildly on natural resources, including water that is fundamental to our survival. The elimination of waste and the reuse of water are actions to be considered in view of the current situation. Assuming that it is necessary to rethink socioenvironmental relations and that the school is an important space for the formation of ecological subjects, concerned with engaging in the formation of a school and consequently of a sustainable society, this research was developed with the community of the Colégio Estadual Professor Gonçalo Rollemberg Leite, in Aracaju- SE. It aimed to sensitize the school community to the reuse of water with a view to establishing ways for a sustainable school. The methodology used was action research, as it involved the research aspects, the action of the researcher and the researched group. Thus, actions developed by students and teachers, occurred inside and outside the school environment, such as: bibliographic survey, study of the environment, visit to the exhibition on the watershed, exploratory activity in the school environment, making and exposure of didactic-pedagogical material , dialogues with the school community, intervention in drinking fountains, construction of a simplified system for the treatment of light gray water. This sequence of pedagogical actions enabled the development of an e-book that constitutes the final technical / didactic product of this dissertation. It is a qualitative and quantitative research whose data were collected through participatory observation, photographic record, research diary and written production. These were permeated by content analysis and represented by word clouds, tables and complemented by qualitative analysis. The results pointed to a poor ecological relationship between the community and water and the environment, in which one hundred percent of the respondents classified this relationship as predatory. However, the development of continuous actions of environmental education evidences the change of posture of the subjects, expressed by a greater autonomy and willingness to change the everyday situation hitherto experienced, through practices to combat waste and reuse, reducing the distance between thinking and acting. The construction of the filter and water treatment using low cost material made the action viable, allowing the reuse of light gray water in small proportion initially. Activity that can be performed by teachers by integrating curriculum content with the practices proposed in this work, as well as by students by multiplying knowledge and actions with other colleagues, family and community. The spaces of our daily lives will become sustainable when the subjects, sensitized about social and environmental problems, have autonomy to transform what is posed. This awareness that characterizes the ecological subject is essential for the creation and maintenance of a sustainable school that educates by example.