Desenho urbano na perspectiva da sustentabilidade das paisagens em Aracaju/SE

Abstract

The complexity of the processes and forms in the geographic space and their imbrications has contributed to a sequence of landscape degradation in terms of urban sustainability. In this sense, this dissertation develops anchored by the following question: does urban design, seen as a structuring instrument of a good form of the city, have the perspective of influencing territorial dynamics and contributing to the urban environmental quality? Faced with the recurrent situations of flooding and inundation in the city of Aracaju, and the heterogeneity of the quality of the landscapes that border the rivers inserted in the municipal territorial limits, influenced by the disorderly anthropic occupation, two areas of the Sergipe capital, intersected by watercourses, were selected. derived from the Sergipe River, with the following general objective: to analyze the urban design of two areas of Aracaju from the perspective of the sustainability of the landscapes and the guidelines of a walkable city. In this sense, the following specific objectives were developed: (i) to map the urban design of the selected areas; (ii) to know the territorial dynamics of the studied areas; (iii) identify the socio-environmental characteristics of the study areas; (iv) suggest action plans with a view to environmental improvement in terms of urban sustainability. This research is theoretically based on the geographic space and landscape categories, advances to conceptualizations about urban design and is aligned with the guidelines of sustainable cities through the understanding of the city as an urban ecosystem to support environmental planning. It is also part of the discussion on walkable and sustainable cities to link to the sustainability of urban landscapes. Regarding the methodological aspects, it is supported by the systemic approach, according to the reflections of Suertegaray (2018), and has a qualitative character, added to the use of quantitative indices. For this, it starts with a pre-field work, using a research diary, and proceeds with the following methodological instruments used in the field work: pre-field and research diary for observations and notes regarding the first impressions of the study area and knowledge of territorial dynamics; ii) field work with filling in tables and maps to measure indicators of the urban fabric anchored in the parameters of walkable cities; iii) photographic records and classification of the degraded state of the landscape based on the criteria of Rodriguez et al. (2017) for sequence of geosystems degradation analysis; and iv) use of the GIS system to spatialize the typologies referring to the environmental status of the registered landscapes and the pertinent walkability indicators. In summary, the urban design indicators, in the proposal of walkable cities, and the repercussion on the quality of the landscapes, was notorious in the results and discussions of this dissertation, making it possible to base the development of action plans that can intermediate the maintenance competences. and preservation of urban ecosystems.