Efeitos da radioterapia em dentes decíduos: uma revisão integrativa

Abstract

Introduction: Radiotherapy is an important treatment modality in the management of neoplasms in children. However, adverse effects triggered by exposure of the oral cavity to ionizing radiation are frequently observed. Aim: The objective of this study was to describe the effects of exposure to ionizing radiation on the structure and properties of deciduous teeth. Methods: An integrative review was carried out, using a search strategy with the descriptors ((radiotherapy) AND (deciduous teeth)) AND (tooth, deciduous)), applied in MEDLINE, BVS, SciELO and LILACS databases. In vitro or in situ experimental studies were eligible, without year of publication and language restriction. Results: Altogether, 68 references were retrieved, but only eight met the eligibility criteria and were included. In summary, it was observed that the experimental exposure to ionizing radiation triggered, considering the comparison of irradiated and non-irradiated deciduous teeth, structural disorganization (presence ofamorphous zones), reduction in Na, K, Mg, P and Ca concentration, reduction of microhardness(especially after 50 or 60Gy). Also, there was an increase in the enzymatic activity of matrix metalloproteinases at the dentin-enamel junction of the cervical region (MMP-2 and -9) and in the susceptibility to carious lesions (greater depth), as well as a decrease in the bond strength of dental restorations. Conclusion: Therefore, it is possible to conclude that, under experimental conditions, radiotherapy triggered negative adverse effects on the structure and properties of deciduous teeth.