Silenciamento e invisibilidade : os determinantes na construção do termo violência obstétrica no Brasil e a relação com o serviço social

Abstract

Obstetric violence is an effect and a constitutive part of gender violence, it is a form of human rights violation that directly affects the struggle for women's sexual and reproductive rights. Obstetric violence appears in the midst of patriarchal and capitalist society that dominates, exploits and oppresses women. Recently, the Ministry of Health, provoked by the Federal Council of Medicine, published an order that guided the exclusion of the term “obstetric violence” from official health documents, alleging that the term is inappropriate and that health professionals do not intend to violate pregnant and postpartum women. at the time of prepartum, delivery and puerperium. The object of study of this research gives the apprehension of the term “obstetric violence” in the context of feminist struggles in Brazil and the understanding of the mediations of the term and its concept for Social Work and human rights. The general objective of the research is about analyzing the incorporation of the term “obstetric violence” in the struggles for women's rights and the argumentative elements that abolished its use in measures recently taken by the Ministry of Health (MS). To reach the general objective, we list the following specific objectives: to present the concept, historicity and characterization in the construction of violence and the term “obstetric violence”; understand within public policies the discussion about obstetric violence and the relationship with Social Work; and to identify the political subjects involved and the narratives that make up the context of the inclusion and exclusion of the term in a human rights perspective and for Social Work. The research was of a bibliographic and documentary type, following the dialectical historical materialist method. In the methodological procedures, we used for analysis the documents issued by the Ministry of Health and the Federal Council of Medicine, in addition to legislation that deals with the subject and other official documents issued by bodies, institutions, entities representing civil society, public and/or private ( memoranda, official letters, orders, ordinances, circulars, resolutions, etc.). From the analysis, we intend to identify how “obstetric violence” contributes to hurting women's autonomy and denying and attacking human rights. For Social Work, violations of rights and the defense of Human Rights make up a daily agenda of our profession, in order to understand the mechanisms by which the social structure is produced and reproduces generating these violations, as well as demystifying common sense to achieve the objectives and principles foreseen in our Professional Ethical Project supported by an interventional and investigative action.