Diferenciais de gênero no adoecimento mental da população do município de Aracaju/SE

Abstract

The present research, based on theoretical approaches of feminist epistemology and gender, had as its general objective, scope and purpose, to analyze the social determinations that deal with the process of mental illness of women in the city of Aracaju/SE. The specific objectives were: To map the production of knowledge about gender and mental health in postgraduate courses in Social Work in Brazil; To identify the insertion of the gender perspective in the National Mental Health Policy and in the Municipal Mental Health Policy of Aracaju; e Characterize the gender differentials in the types of mental disorders most incident in the mental health services offered in Aracaju. The qualitative methodology adopted does not disregard quantitative dimensions, consulting several sources of information: the relevant bibliography on the researched topic; the 'state of the art and knowledge' through academic productions on the portal of the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES), Bank of Theses and Dissertations of Postgraduate Programs in Social Work in Brazil, in the time frame of 2014-2019; documents from the Department of Informatics of the SUS (DATASUS) for the period 2017-2020; documents referring to the Mental Health Policy at the National level and the Municipal Mental Health Policy of Aracaju (legislations, reports, news and content on the operationalization of this policy and incorporation of gender perspectives. To characterize the sick population, the documentary data were disaggregated by sex, race/color, age group, types of mental and behavioral disorders. The content analysis methodology based on a set of systematic techniques and procedures guided the data analysis process. In this direction, the context of COVID-19, considered a public health emergency, will be present in the content of the proposed analyses, allowing us to infer that women in situations of vulnerability are more affected in mental health issues, and often respond, with emotional and physical symptoms, which, depending on the degree of severity, are configured in the development of mental disorders.With regard to the results, data reveal a higher prevalence in the female population in cases of mood disordes (affective) with 73,24% and disorders related to stress and sum with 83,33%. In addition, theses and dissertations from Graduate Programs that deal with themes related to the object of this study were selected and analyzed more specifically.