Caracterização epidemiológica das hospitalizações por acidente vascular cerebral isquêmico em Sergipe entre 2009 e 2019

Abstract

Introduction: Stroke, represented in greater proportion by the ischemic spectrum, is one of the main causes of death in Brazil, as well as worldwide. Objective: to describe the epidemiological profile of hospitalizations due to ischemic stroke in Sergipe during the period from 2009 to 2019. Methods: This is an epidemiological, ecological, descriptive study, with analysis of secondary data of a documentary nature, through hospitalization authorizations documents compiled in the Hospital Information System of the Unified Health System (SIH/SUS), the Public Heath sistem of Brazil. Data was collected from the TABNET platform of the Department of Informatics of SUS (DATASUS). Then, the data was synthesized through a descriptive and comparative statistical analysis, using absolute and relative numbers (proportion in base 100). Results: From 2009 to 2019, 343 ischemic stroke hospitalizations were recorded in the state of Sergipe, with an average of 31.18 hospitalizations per year. 109 deaths were registered in those 11 years, with a total lethality rate of 31.78% and average annual lethality of 34.69%. An annual average of 13.56 days of hospital staying was revealed, with the average individual cost per hospitalization of R$3,583.99, leading to a total cost of R$1,232,533.48 in this interval and a total annual cost average of R$112,048.48. The total incidence was 15.67 hospitalizations for ischemic stroke per 105 inhabitants in Sergipe in the explored time gap. There was a significant increase in the annual number of hospitalizations due to ischemic stroke in Sergipe during the evaluated period, and consequently in the total annual cost generated by these hospitalizations. The incidence of hospitalizations due to stroke was higher in the Health Zone of the capital Aracaju and in the zones closer to it, when compared to the more distant ones. The highest hospital lethality was observed in the Health Zone farthest from the capital (N. Sra. da Glória), while the lowest occurred in the Itabaiana Zone. Although the number of hospitalizations due to ischemic stroke in the period studied was higher among men, the number of deaths, as well as hospital mortality, was higher among women. The occurrence of hospitalizations due to ischemic stroke increased with the advancement of the age group in the analyzed years, however the hospital lethality of the younger age groups with recorded deaths behaved similarly in relation to the more advanced ones. Conclusions: Therefore, the development of prevention, health promotion and lethality reduction strategies aimed at ischemic stroke is essential. All of these with appropriate allocation of resources to the reality revealed by the data recorded in the investigated period.