Instrumentos para acompanhamento de pacientes com diabetes mellitus na atenção primária: uma revisão integrativa

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most important Public Health problems today, due to its high prevalence and high costs in the control and treatment of the disease and its complications. This said, considering that DM is a chronic disease that requires comprehensive and long-term care, Primary Health Care (PHC) is configured as a means to improve the patient's quality of life in a prolonged way. As an methodology, an integrative literature review study was carried out through research in PUBMED, SciELO, LILACS and BIREME with pre-selected keywords, in the period from 2017 to 2021. The general objective of the research was to identify the scientific production of the instruments for the classification and monitoring of patients with type I and type II diabetes in primary health care. As a result, a total of 44 (100%) were found, of which more than half, 23 (53%), are non-specific for diabetes mellitus, only two (5%) are intended specifically for patients with T1DM, eight (19%) specific for patients with DM2 and 4 (9%), lacked this information, as it was not presented in the article. After that, the instruments were divided into focus categories, the main ones being related to mental health, ten (23.3%), which can include depression and / or anxiety and associated with self-care, seven (16.3). It is concluded that aspects such as mental health and self-care are widely addressed in the instruments, however, when it comes to their specificities, it is clear that most are non-specific for DM and only 2 are intended for patients with DM1. It is clear, then, the need to develop instruments that specifically address patients with DM, especially DM1, and also that treat more of their complications, such as diabetic retinopathy, complications in sexuality and that associated with the quality of life of these patients.