Mesiodens: diagnóstico e tratamento integrado em paciente infantil

Abstract

The supernumerary element results from a change in tooth development, exceeding the number of teeth in the oral cavity. Mesiodens is the supernumerary tooth located between the central incisors, commonly in the maxilla and which affects the male population in greater numbers. Its presence can have harmful consequences for the stomatognathic system, including root resorption of adjacent teeth, impaction or delayed eruption of permanent incisors, midline diastemas, thus impairing the patient's occlusion. They are usually asymptomatic and are diagnosed through detailed anamnesis and clinical examination, radiographic examinations, and computed tomography. Timely tooth extraction, associated or not with other forms of treatment, is the most recommended therapy, although some authors recommend a more conservative therapeutic approach. Therefore, it is essential that the treatment conduct be based on the individual assessment of each case with the aim of aesthetically and functionally rehabilitating the patient. Thus, the present work aims to report, based on the literature, the multidisciplinary treatment of a case of mesiodens in a child patient that consisted of its extraction and closure of the remaining interincisal space. Mesiodens is seen as an unsightly factor and is highly harmful from a social point of view. The approach to this occlusion anomaly should be performed as soon as possible to guide the patient and their parents, as well as establish a treatment that aims to restore pleasant aesthetics, social well-being, and occlusal stability to the patient.