Perfil epidemiológico do pré-natal, parto e nascimento de nascidos vivos com anomalias congênitas em Sergipe: estudo ecológico 2011 a 2021

Abstract

Introduction: In Brazil, 24.000 newborns are registered annually with some malformation. Some anomalies can be prevented through public policies, through maternal and child monitoring. Objective: describe the epidemiological profile of prenatal, delivery and birth of live births with congenital anomalies in the state of Sergipe, from 2011 to 2021. Methods: descriptive ecological study, carried out with secondary data from the Live Birth Information System. The records of live births in the state of Sergipe were evaluated, by residence, from 2011 to 2021. Results: 365,462 live births were recorded in the state of Sergipe, of which 4,097 were born with congenital anomalies, representing an increase of 17.9% in 10 years. Maternal characteristics associated with CA were extreme maternal age, non-white skin color, low education, women without a steady partner, multiple pregnancies and living in the interior of the country. For live births, there was an association with male sex, low Apgar, low weight and prematurity. The most frequent CAs were musculoskeletal malformations, nervous system, genitourinary, ear pinna, orofacial malformations and chromosomal syndromes. Conclusion: congenital anomalies have shown an increasing incidence over 10 years, and maternal and newborn characteristics help monitor data in the system. However, due to bias in the records, important data for this monitoring is underreported. It is up to the responsible bodies to propose subsidies for a more complete capture of the frequency of anomalies present in the state and improvement of notification instruments.