Análise integrativa da produção científica sobre propriedades biofarmacológicas, fitoquímica e toxicidade do gênero Poincianella

Abstract

Poincianella Britton & Rose, belonging to the Fabaceae family, is characterized not only by its woody size and its occurrence mainly in the Brazilian Caatinga, but by its very valuable composition in natural properties above all. Its most important species, both for their properties and endemism in Brazil, are P. pyramidalis, as the most prominent, followed by the species P. pluviosa, P. bracteosa, P. gardneriana and P. microphylla. They are rich in metabolites such as alkaloids, terpenoids, glycosides and phenolic compounds. There are no studies in the literature that gather in a complex and comprehensive way detailed information about this genus, which has great relevance for the Caatinga biodiversity and for health in view of its benefits. Therefore, the objective of this study was to elaborate a Systematic Integrative Review of the literature about the Poincianella genus, in order to fill these gaps. The method used was based on the steps of identifyingthe theme and selecting the guiding question; eligibility criteria, establishment of inclusion and exclusion criteria; identification of pre-selected and selected studies; categorization of selected studies; analysis, interpretation and synthesis of results; and presentation of the review/synthesis of knowledge. The objects of the investigation were to list the biological and pharmacological properties presented by the genus, its phytochemical constitution and possible toxic effects that may be found in its species. The main results pointed to PubMed as the database that offered the highest number of results, with 53%, and the year of the largest publication on the subject was 2020. The English language was the one with the most publications (72%), as well as the species P. pyramidalis wasthe most investigated in the published studies. Many biopharmacological activities were confirmed, highlighting antioxidant (17.85%), anti-inflammatory (12.19%), neuroprotective (10.27%), larvicidal (7.6%), and antibacterial (6.92), among others. It was observed the classes of secondary metabolites such as phenolic acids, flavonoids, biflavonoids, polyphenols, phenols, tannins, hydrolysable tannins, and alkaloids, among others. The most common toxic effect was the abortive effect (26%) in goats and sheep. It is concluded that the genus Poincianella, mainly the species P. pyramidallis, has a strong impact on the flora of the caatinga, and popular and conventional medicine, since it is the subject of study for the formulation of new drugs and also phytopharmaceuticals, as well as it is of veterinary importance, as it can damage small ruminants if consumed by pregnant animals freely.