Parâmetros da qualidade do leite em pequenas propriedades do alto sertão sergipano

Abstract

Milk production in the hinterland is one of the activities that most involves rural producers, whether for their own consumption or for sale. The process of obtaining milk involves several steps to obtain a quality product. Adopting good agricultural practices to reduce milk contamination, at one of the main times when contamination can occur, is crucial to guarantee its quality. These good practices range from the adoption of hygienic habits by the milker to the use of hygienic-sanitary measures at the time of milking and after it. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the parameters of milk quality in nine small properties in the Municipality of Nossa Senhora da Glória, which are part of the milk suppliers of a dairy in the region. The Mais Leite Saudável Program questionnaire was applied through the Evomilk platform, and milk samples were also collected from these properties for analysis. The components analyzed were fat, lactose, protein, total solids, defatted dry extract, Somatic Cell Count (SCC) and Standard Plate Count (CPP). Where the results were separated by collection region in Nossa Senhora da Glória (São Domingos, Periquito and Sede), being analyzed using the Tukey test at 5% significance with the SAS 9.1 software. The dark bottom mug test and CMT (California Mastitis test) were also performed on the animals to identify clinical and subclinical mastitis, respectively. Of the variables analyzed, the CCS showed a significant difference between the regions, with Periquito being the region that presented the lowest CCS 383 cells/mL (P=0.0001). As for CPP, eight of the nine properties had values >100 x 10³ CFU/mL. In this way, it was possible to observe that most producers do not adopt good milking practices, which leads to direct interference in the quality of the milk produced.