Análise de critérios para a destinação final do lodo gerado pela Estação de Tratamento de Efluentes no município de Itabaiana – SE

Abstract

The advance of urbanization at cost of natural resources is a problem that has increased in the last few years. All around the world, there is almost no ecosystem which was not interfered directly or indirectly by the man and his actions. Every anthropic activity generates effluents, and there is a growing demand on the improvement of sanitary sewage system, pursuing a guarantee that the future generations will have a sustainable environment. In that regard, the mud management, the residuum that comes from these stations has become a high cost and high complexity problem, costing between 20 and 60% of total operation cost of an STS. The main alternatives for the final destination of the effluent mud are disposal in landfills, incineration, landfarming, recovery of degraded areas and agricultural recycling. In this study, were analysed the alternatives to the mud effluents final disposal in the Itabaiana City, Sergipe State, which does not have the adequate management of this residuum. Thus, this work has as the main goal, analyse alternatives to the final disposal through the multicriteria methodology of analysis to support the decision pursuing the best alternative accordingly the Itabaiana STS. The review was accomplished in 5 (five) major phases, theoretical survey, estimate calculation of mud production, definition of criteria and influences, final disposal alternatives indications and a construction of a matrix decision with the Simple Additive Weighting (SWA) statistical method aid. The results and arguments obtained through the decisions matrix construction and the application of SWA method, indicates that the agriculture recycling process is the most trustworthy and feasible method to apply as a final destination to the mud production. It can be concluded that, agricultural recycling is an alternative that provides a range of environmental and economic benefits and does not require high investment in the STS to its implementation, and yet, fits into the goals of National Solid Waste Politics, reusing, recycling and allocating all the effluents mud in a very adequate and ecological way.