Prevalência de defeitos de desenvolvimento de esmalte em crianças e adolescentes transplantados de órgãos sólidos: uma revisão sistemática com metanálise

Abstract

The present study aimed to evaluate observational studies to determine the prevalence of developmental defects od enamel (DDE) in children and adolescents undergoing solid organ transplants, as well as to analyze differences in prevalence according to the transplanted organ. The review protocol was registered on the Open Science Framework (OSF) platform under the protocol osf.io/kuqr4 and adhered to the PRISMA guidelines. Searches were conducted in indexed databases including Lilacs, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and in the gray literature via Google Scholar. Article selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment (utilizing the Joanna Briggs Institute tool) were performed by two independent reviewers, with conflicts resolved by a third reviewer. Meta-analyses were conducted using JAMOVI software. The electronic search initially identified 1,725 articles, of which 11 observational studies published between 1995 and 2022 were included for qualitative analysis. Risk of bias assessment indicated 7 studies with a low risk of bias and 4 with a moderate risk. The prevalence rate of DDE was calculated for 10 studies, estimated at 55.6% among 614 children and adolescents who underwent solid organ transplants. When evaluated by transplanted organ, the prevalence rate was 55.9% for kidney transplants and 44.8% for liver transplants. Enamel hypoplasia exhibited a prevalence rate of 38.9%. In conclusion, over half of children and adolescents receiving solid organ transplants exhibit various types of DDE, with enamel hypoplasia prevalent in more than a third of cases. The prevalence of DDE was higher among those who received kidney transplants compared to liver transplants. However, studies on this topic are scarce, with limited sample sizes and significant variability in results across different authors in the scientific literature.