Perfil diagnóstico de pacientes com suspeita de Doença Carotídea, submetidos à Ultrassonografia com Doppler Vascular em hospital privado de Sergipe

Abstract

Objectives: Evaluate profile of Scan Carotid Duplex patients in a private hospital in Sergipe, observing the main sonographic findings and correlating them with those found in the general population through the literature. Methods: This is a longitudinal and retrospective observational study, conducted by research database at the Hospital São Lucas, located in Aracaju, the capital of Sergipe. The data collection took place between February and June 2016 and the data were studied in 2015 at this institution. It was used a table which included the following data: age, sex, tests and pathologies. It was studied 335 reports of Carotid Artery and Vertebral Duplex Scan in a total sample of 3123 tests. The association between variables (gender and age) was evaluated: the differences between proportions were analysed using the chi-square test and the student t test was used to analyse the comparison of two independent samples. It has been estimated the confidence interval to 95% related to the variable age. Statistical analysis was performed using the R program version 3.3.1 (R Core Team, 2016). The significance level was 0.05. Results: The study analysed 335 reports of patients that performed an Eco Doppler of carotid and vertebral arteries, which 60% (202/335) were female and 40% (133/335) males who had an average overall age of 65.4 years old (95% CI: 64.0 to 66.7 years old). Among these patients, 59% (198/335) had reports of some ultrasonographic findings. The most frequent finding was the stenosis. It has been reported in 58% (115/198) of the reports. The minimal plaque was detected in 66% (130/198) of the reports, and the bulb carotid was the most frequent site. Tortuosity occurred in 6% (11/198) of the reports. A significant difference was found (p <0.001) between the mean ages of patients with altered and normal reports (65.4 years and 51.4 years old respectively). Regarding gender, we observed an average age (IM) higher in females (66.7 years old). Conclusions: In the study, it was concluded that the main sonographic findings in duplex Carotid and Vertebral scan were the stenosis, with similar prevalence in both sexes, with an average age of 68.4 years old. To complement the work, it is suggested that further studies have to be made following these patients to assess the evolution of their disease and its possible future complications.