Anteprojeto de uma clínica psiquiátrica para pessoas com transtornos mentais em Aracaju- SE

Abstract

In recent years, mental health has been one of the most debated and discussed topics even before the COVID-19 pandemic, however, this scenario has been perpetuated, and areas such as Architecture and Urbanism can directly interfere in responses to treatments through the perception of space. Therefore, this work proposes the creation of a Recovery Clinic for people with mental disorders in the city of Aracaju-SE, seeking to meet an existing demand. In order to develop the project, academic research was carried out to provide a theoretical framework for understanding the evolution of architectural spaces for people with mental disorders. As a result, it was possible to see what gaps existed and what should not be done in an environment whose purpose is mental health. In order to understand which strategies should be adopted, Neuroarchitecture was used, especially biophilia, to understand how to achieve the objective generated from the theoretical basis, thus understanding how textures, colors, sounds and even shapes can directly interfere with the patient's environmental perception. This topic was of paramount importance because it was through it that the materials, elements and other characteristics that make up the visual identity of the preliminary design were chosen. In addition, delving into neuroarchitecture resulted in specific searches for architectural references, which led to the elaboration of the flowchart, bioclimatic solutions and other design decisions.The city chosen for this study was Aracaju, the capital of Sergipe, located on the northeast coast of Brazil. The choice of Aracaju took into account several factors, such as the tranquillity of the city, the demand identified from data provided by public bodies and field visits, easy access to the study area, as well as the availability of land in areas compatible with the guidelines established by the theoretical basis, which encompasses concepts of neuroarchitecture, biophilia and architectural references. Initially, three plots of land located in the Ponto Novo, Jardins and Mosqueiro neighborhoods were analyzed, and the Mosqueiro plot, which has more than 54,000 m², was chosen. The selection of this plot was based on fundamental criteria defined during the preparation of this work, such as intimacy, protection, integration with the surroundings and access. In order to develop the preliminary project based on all the local constraints and guidelines, the program of needs was divided into two large blocks and a sector full of uses, all of which were designed for the well-being and better support of the patient's recovery process. Thus, the study of masses and external and internal flow were developed until the result presented at the end of this work was obtained. The programs used for the technical development of the preliminary design were Autocad, Sketchup and Enscape.