Alterações morfológicas e dosagens em rins de ratas WISTAR adultas tratadas com acetato de chumbo

Abstract

Lead is among the most widespread toxic metals in the environment and can pose serious risks to human and animal health. This research aims to study the morphological changes caused by lead and to quantify this heavy metal in the kidneys of adult Wistar rats treated with lead acetate. Twenty adult Wistar rats were divided into three experimental groups treated with concentrations of 100, 200 and 300 mg / kg of lead acetate by the gastric gavage method. The fourth group corresponds to the control animals, treated with saline solution by the same method. According to the Standards of the Animal Research Ethics Committee, after eight weeks the rats were sacrificed. Histological sections were prepared by microtomy and stained by Masson's trichrome. The different concentrations of lead in renal tissue were measured using the atomic absorption spectrophotometry technique with deuterium background corrector. Macroscopically, changes in the size and volume of the organ were directly proportional to the increase in the concentration of lead acetate, causing a disorganization in their respective forms when compared with the control group. Microscopically, lead acetate impregnated the tissues treated at the three concentrations. Morphological alterations were found in the glomeruli, Bawman spaces, renal tubule dilatation with hypertrophic alteration and degeneration of the cells that make up these tubules. As the concentration of lead acetate increased in the experimental groups, there was an increase in the destruction of collagen fibers, mainly seen around the perivascular spaces. The absorption rates of lead found in the kidneys through the technique of atomic absorption spectrophotometry justified the presence of morphological alterations.