Hidradenite supurativa: um estudo clínico-epidemiológico dos casos atendidos em uma unidade de referência em dermatologia em Sergipe

Abstract

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic, recurrent inflammatory and debilitating disease that targets the apocrine sweat glands are, particularly in axillary and inguinal regions. Its pathogenesis is related to obstruction of the follicular portions of the units pilosebaceous. It is characterized by recurrent and painful inflammatory nodules, abscesses, with unpleasant odor, fistulas, scars and open comedones. It is estimated that the prevalence varies from 1 to 4% of world population and, as far as we know, there are no studies that characterize this disease in our State. Thus, the objective of the study is to characterize the clinical-epidemiological profile of HS patients in Sergipe. It is a cross-sectional and descriptive study, with na analysis of clinical and epidemiological data of patients with HS attended at a reference unit in dermatology of Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju (SE), between 1997 and 2018. Were found 12 medical records of HS patients, of which 3 did not contain enough information. Of the remaining nine cases, the majority were women (3,5:1) with mean of age 31 years. “Parda” (descendants of whites, blacks and indians) population was the most frequent. The onset of symptoms ranged from 12 to 34 years, most of them in the second decade of life. The mean time between onset of lesions and diagnostic was 6,7 years. Obesity occurred in 66.67% of cases, diabetes mellitus in 22,2%, 55,6% reported significant impact on quality on life and smoking in none of the cases. The stage of Hurley III was the most frequent. All patients used systemic antibiotics, 77,8% topical antibiotics, 55,6% retinoids and 66.67% had at least one surgery. The stages I and II of Hurley presented better responses with the use of systemic antibiotics and the stage III with surgery. The profile found was of women, “pardas”, with onset of symptoms in the second decade, obese, with acne vulgaris, impacts of quality of life, late diagnostics, advanced stages and very individual therapeutic responses. Based on this result, it is important to carry out regional clinical-epidemiological studies to delimit groups at risk and obtain early diagnosis directing treatment and public policies appropriate to the population at risk.