Gravidez na adolescência: características sociodemográficas, comportamentais e gestacionais

Abstract

Objective: To determine the most prevalent socioeconomic and behavioral characteristics in the studied group and to investigate the association of these characteristics with the neonatal outcome of pregnancy in adolescence, comparing with the control group. Methods: A retrospective controlled observational study was conducted with 361 women. The study included women between the ages of 15-19 and between the ages of 20-24 who had already conceived and given birth and who agreed to participate in the study by signing a consent form. Gestational, behavioral and sexual data were evaluated and descriptive and inferential statistical associations were performed. Results: There was a higher school deficit in women who had a teenage pregnancy, only 14% studied at the time of the interview, a higher number of pregnancies and abortions and an earlier sexual life compared to the control group. 60% of these women did not exercise remunerative activity and were inserted in a social context favorable to early gestation. Gestational and neonatal data did not differ significantly between groups, in both groups, the majority reported uncomplicated delivery (> 76%), no postpartum sequelae (> 92%), and no newborn hospitalization at Utin Intensive) (> 85%). Conclusion: There was a low rate of complications and negative neonatal outcomes. There was no significant difference between the groups evaluated. There were also several associations between early gestation and sexual and behavioral characteristics, such as the onset of sexual activity and schooling, and that sex education should be a priority.