Relação entre o uso de cigarros eletrônicos e as doenças periodontais

Abstract

Electronic cigarettes are devices that simulate the use of conventional cigarettes by transforming a liquid into an aerosol. Despite being sold by the industry as products that are harmless to the body, they present a pathophysiology similar to conventional cigarettes. Due to this similarity, in addition to the presence of other harmful components, electronic cigarettes have been associated with interferences in periodontal diseases. Therefore, the objective of this work is to analyze, through literature, the possible relationship between the use of electronic cigarettes and periodontal diseases. More specifically, it also pursue to investigate which components are responsible for these relationships and compare the impact of using these devices to the use of conventional cigarettes on periodontal diseases. A literature review was perform in the SciElO and PUBMED databases. The search terms used were: “electronic cigarettes AND periodontal disease” and “electronic cigarette AND periodontics”. 40 works were selected, including descriptive studies; ecological studies; cross-sectional studies; cohort studies; case-control studies and clinical trials and literature reviews were excluded. Studies have shown that the use of electronic cigarettes interferes with periodontal diseases, altering the release of cells related to the inflammatory process and the diversity of the oral microbiome. Furthermore, it was observed that not only nicotine is responsible for these consequences, but also the solvents and flavorings present in the composition of the devices. Finally, it was found that conventional cigarettes produce higher rates of harmful effects compared to electronic cigarettes. In view of the results, it can be concluded that e-cigarette users are more susceptible to periodontal diseases.