Análise temporal de epidemias de fitopatógenos do milho em Nossa Senhora da Glória

Abstract

Diseases in corn crops have become a major challenge for producers, directly impacting productivity and grain quality. Diseases are related to several factors, such as the continued use of the same varieties, climate change and intensive cultivation. In this context, an important tool to support the phytosanitary management of corn crops comes into play: the disease progress curve. It allows us to understand how a disease develops over time, helping in strategic decision-making to reduce losses. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the temporal progression of the intensity of corn diseases in crops in the high backlands of Sergipe. The experiment was carried out in two areas, located in Nossa Senhora da Gloria-SE, during the 2024 harvest. To assess the incidence and severity of diseases in the respective cultivation areas, three sampling points were randomly selected. At each point, 10 plants were assessed, totaling 30 plants per area. The assessments were performed at seven-day intervals, totaling five assessments. In addition, the Pearson correlation was performed between the environmental data and the incidence and severity of the diseases found. As a result, the presence of helminthosporiosis, polysora rust and bipolar disease was observed. All of them presented linear growth and some correlation with environmental conditions. From the information obtained, it is possible to visualize how and when the disease spreads and determine the best time for intervention.