Características clínico-epidemiológicas de pessoas com hidradenite supurativa: um estudo transversal

Abstract

Introduction: Hidradenitis Suppurativa (HS) is an inflammatory, chronic and difficult to treat disease characterized by being underdiagnosed even after the individual resorts to various medical specialties and different therapeutic approaches, thus favoring its progression and severity of the lesions that in its the majority interferes with quality of life, physical and mental health, in addition to these losses, it contributes to work-related injuries. This study aims to outline the epidemiological profile of HS patients in Sergipe (SE), as well as describe the treatments used and the therapeutic response. Objective: To characterize patients with Hidradenitis Suppurativa treated at Dermatology outpatient clinics in Sergipe, Brazil. Method: Study of an applied nature, descriptive in nature, with an observational, cross sectional and quantitative design based on the analysis of data from medical records of patients seen in dermatologists' offices in the city of Aracaju, state of Sergipe. Data collection was carried out from May 2023 to January 2024, using an adapted structured questionnaire. All patients diagnosed with Hidradenitis Suppurativa were included and those with an unlikely or ruled out diagnosis were excluded. Results: The sample consisted of 45 individuals with Hidradenitis Suppurativa, the majority of whom were female, mixed-race, with late diagnosis, which is why the majority of patients treated had Hurley III stage. As for the onset of symptoms, this occurred between the second and third decade of life. Regarding the presentation of the lesions, the majority were painful lesions that drained secretions, affecting mainly the armpits and groin. Of these, only 11.1% had a family history of Hidradenitis Suppurativa, as well as only 8.9% were active smokers, 66.7% had some other associated comorbidity and the majority of participants used between 2 and 4 therapeutic modalities, highlighting as the one that obtained the best response in clinical lesions, Adalimumab. Conclusion: The study observed the predominance of female, brown individuals, between the second and third decades of life. The majority of participants had comorbidities, but no reports of HS cases in the family. The clinical presentation consisted of non-healing, exudative and painful lesions, mainly involving the armpits and groin. Diagnosis was often late, already at Hurley III stage, with patients undergoing 2-4 therapeutic modalities.