Estratégias metodológicas sobre a conservação dos serviços ecossistêmicos da Mata Atlântica : uma revisão sistemática da educação básica brasileira

Abstract

The Atlantic Forest is one of the biomes with the richest biodiversity in Brazil and in the world, with valuable Ecosystem Services. However, it is also one of the biomes most impacted by human actions, which makes the implementation of Environmental Education strategies essential for its conservation. That said, the general objective of this research is to evaluate the contributions of Environmental Education (EE) methodological strategies to address the conservation of Ecosystem Services (ESs) of the Atlantic Forest, in formal and non-formal educational spaces. Methodologically, a systematic literature review was used, using the PRISMA 2020 protocol. 15 dissertations within the theme were found. Based on Bardin's Content Analysis, the general characteristics of the works were designed, it was found that there are regions in evidence in the publication of studies in the area, with emphasis on the Northeast region, the existence of a preferential level of education in the production of works on the theme was identified, with emphasis on the final years of Elementary School. Different categories emerged from the data analysis: ecosystem services, environmental services or natural resources?; provision services: river conservation; provision and cultural services: conservation of medicinal and food plants; the school as a formal educational space for environmental education; conservation units as a non-formal educational space; from school to community: non-formal space for environmental practice; workshop as an educational strategy in environmental education; trail as a practical experience in environmental education; conservative or critical practical garden?; and finally, active methodologies in environmental education. The need to prioritize the use of active methodological strategies linked to the critical macro trend of EA is an element highlighted in the analysis. Observing the gap, lesson plans were created with active approaches and/or methodologies to discuss the ESs of the Atlantic Forest in Conservation Units in the Sergipe territory in high school. It is expected that future research can use these plans as a basis for developing new educational experiences and thus contribute to the promotion of teaching about the conservation of the Atlantic Forest SEs in Sergipe and Brazil.