Indicadores de atenção básica em saúde bucal nas diferentes regiões do Brasil: associação com indicadores socioeconômicos

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the relation between the indicators of utilization and provision of oral health services with the Human Development Index (HDI), rural population rate and illiteracy rate in different regions of Brazil, in order to verify if they are in favor of equity. METHODS: A cross-sectional study with an ecological approach was carried out, with data from the Oral Health indicators of the Unified Health System Primary Care Pact from 16 states and the Federal District selected according to their socioeconomic data obtained from the Brazilian Institute databases Geography and Statistics, from 2010 to 2015. Data were subjected to non-parametric statistical tests: Spearman's correlation coefficient, Chi-square test and simple and multiple linear regression analysis for each outcome. RESULTS: All socioeconomic variables impact the selected oral health indicators, regardless of the Region of Brazil (p <0.0001). Regarding the indicator of proportion of extraction, significant correlations were found with respect to the HDI (R = -0.854, p <0.001), the Rural Population rate (R = 0.648, p <0.01) and the Illiteracy rate ( R = 0.842, p <0.001), indicating that the mutilating character of the oral health service is still present in states with the worst socioeconomic conditions. However, there is a slight drop in this indicator across the country, and a rise in the coverage of dental services in the most deprived states, based on trend analysis and linear regression. CONCLUSIONS: A pro-equity and redistributive trend was observed in the provision of dental services in primary care, still discrete and without statistical relevance. However, mutilating dentistry is still correlated with states with the worst socioeconomic indices.