Tendência da mortalidade por insuficiência cardíaca no estado de Sergipe entre 2012 e 2022

Abstract

Heart failure (HF) is one of the most prevalent cardiovascular diseases worldwide, and its prevalence is proportional to the age of the population. The behavior of its morbidity and mortality rates varies according to the regions and federative units evaluated, with the need for epidemiological data updates, especially in underdeveloped areas of the country. Therefore, the objective of the study was to analyze the trend in mortality from heart failure between 2012 and 2022 in the State of Sergipe, Brazil, considering individuals aged 50 years or older. This is an ecological study with time series analysis of data collected from the Mortality Information System of the Ministry of Health, referring to the number of deaths from HF, from 2012 to 2022 in Sergipe. Correlations were examined using Spearman's matrix, considering the rho coefficient (ρ). Time trend analysis was performed using Prais-Winsten regression. During this period, 1,799 deaths from heart failure were recorded in individuals aged 50 years or older in Sergipe. The temporal trend of the mortality coefficient in the State was stationary (β1 = 0.006 [-0.008, 0.016]; p-value = 0.487), similar to the Northeast region (β1 = 0.005 [-0.003, 0.008]; p-value = 0.331) and Brazil (β1 = 0.007 [-0.002, 0.011]; p-value = 0.147). The age group with the highest prevalence of deaths was ≥ 80 years (n = 776, 43.1%) and its highest concentration occurred in a hospital environment (n = 1400, 77.82%). It was possible to conclude that there was a change in the trend of mortality due to HF in comparison with the main references on the subject, signaling a change in the behavior of deaths due to HF and raising the need for new studies that seek to understand and contribute to the reduction of the indicators found.