Lundia cordata (Vell.) DC. (Bignoniaceae), uma espécie nativa da Mata Atlântica com potencial ornamental

Abstract

The Atlantic Forest is one of the world's five biodiversity hotspots, but it faces constant threats, including anthropization, which contributes to the ongoing loss of biodiversity. Given this scenario, native species must be preserved as they have great potential for sustainable landscaping, helping to replace exotic species and beautify urban environments, favoring both environmental conservation and the enhancement of these species in functional spaces in cities. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the propagation methods of Lundia cordata (Vell.) DC and its viability for sustainable landscaping, contributing to the appreciation, recognition, and promotion of the conservation of this Atlantic Forest species, in accordance with target 15.9, which proposes the integration of biodiversity values into development processes, with a view to achieving SDG 15. To this end, the study is quantitative in nature, consisting of the characterization of the researched area, bibliographic research, and experimentation. The method used for this research was hypothetical-deductive. For site visits and biological material collection, the “random walk” methodology was applied on private properties in the municipality of Barra dos Coqueiros, Sergipe. The cuttings were collected from secondary branches of the selected plants. Ripe fruits were collected to obtain seeds. The plant was propagated using the cutting technique and seed germination. The experiments were developed in a completely randomized experimental design and conducted in a greenhouse at the Department of Biology of the Federal University of Sergipe. Propagation by cuttings was carried out in distilled water kept in the laboratory, as well as in substrates in partial shade in a greenhouse, with different concentrations of Naphthalene acetic acid - ANA (0; 1; 2; 4, and 8 mg L⁻¹). The results showed that seed germination varies according to the substrate used and prior soaking. The mixture of topsoil and Restinga sand, associated with non-soaking of the seeds, stood out as the most efficient treatment, promoting greater uniformity in emergence in terms of seedling vigor and growth indicators. For cuttings kept in distilled water in the laboratory, moderate concentrations of ANA, especially 1.0 mg L⁻¹, were more effective in inducing callus and maintaining the viability of the cuttings, providing conditions conducive to the emission of shoots and leaves. In contrast, high concentrations of ANA (≥2.0 mg L⁻¹) had inhibitory effects, reflected in slower root growth, fewer shoots and leaves, and increased mortality rates. In the case of cuttings kept in a substrate of topsoil and sand in a 1:1 v/v ratio in a greenhouse in partial shade, treatments with 4 and 8 mg L⁻¹ of ANA showed higher means in the variables number and length of roots compared to the control, although without statistical difference. It was found that the species studied showed favorable propagation and adaptation behavior in the greenhouse for seedling production.