Babaçu e nefropatia induzida por contraste no modelo experimental de fator de risco isquemia reperfusão

Abstract

Introduction: Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) has been characterized by an iatrogenic complication. It is the third cause of in-hospital AKI, given the widespread use of contrast media for interventions and diagnoses. Objective: To evaluate the effect of Orbignya phalerata Martius (Babaçu) on CIN in a preclinical risk factor model of ischemia reperfusion. Methods: Forty-three Wistar rats were used, randomized into the following experimental groups: a) SHAM; b) SHAM + Babaçu (BBC): dose - 60 mg/kg orally; c) SHAM + contrast (CN): 6 ml/kg, intraperitoneally; d) Ischemia (ISQ); e) ISQ + BBC; f) ISQ + CN; g) ISQ + CN + BBC. Physiological parameters such as weight, food and water intake, ratio of kidney weight to animal weight; renal function (creatinine clearance, proteinuria and urea) and oxidative profile (urinary peroxides, TBARS and NO) were evaluated and the results were expressed as mean ± standard deviation. Variance between groups was analyzed using the One Way ANOVA test, followed by Tukey's multiple comparisons post-test using the statistical program Graph-Pad Prism version-8 for Windows®. p values < 0.05 were considered significant. Results: There was a reduction in body weight in animals subjected to ischemia and an increase in water intake and greater urinary volume in the ischemia plus iodinated contrast group (p<0.05). Urinary creatinine decreased in the ischemia groups, being inversely proportional to plasma creatinine, which showed a significant increase in the ischemia and contrast groups. There was a significant reduction in creatinine clearance (p<0.05), demonstrating the impact of iodinated contrast associated with ischemia. Proteinuria revealed no changes and urea was significantly higher in the ischemia with contrast group. Babaçu reversed these parameters (p<0.05). Oxidative stress was elevated in all parameters evaluated (Urinary Peroxides, TBARS and NO) in the ischemia group that received iodinated contrast. Pre-treatment with Babaçu decreased oxidation (p<0.05). Conclusion: The present study revealed the nephroprotective action of Babaçu against CIN associated with the ischemia-reperfusion risk factor. Pre-clinical experimental studies have demonstrated the importance of therapeutic innovation through the fauna and flora of Brazil. Therefore, the results of this research may support new care practices aimed at identifying patients with risk factors for kidney disease and envision the use of medicinal plants in the prevention of CIN.