Osteoquimionecrose dos maxilares por bisfosfonatos

Abstract

Among the complications resulting from the use of bisphosphonates, osteochimionecrosis of the jaws is one of the most important in dentistry. Bisphosphonates are pyrophosphate-like drug compounds that act to inhibit osteoclast activity. It has long been prescribed in the treatment of metabolic bone diseases, such as osteoporosis, and in cancer pathologies. Depending on the drug and its indication, they may be given intravenously or orally. This pathology consists of bone necrosis in the maxillofacial region that persists for eight or more weeks in patients under current or previous treatment with these drugs and without a history of radiotherapy in the maxillomandibular complex. It may be caused by poor healing of the maxillary bone tissue after an invasive dental procedure, or it may occur spontaneously without any apparent triggering factor. The objective of this work is to review the literature on osteochimionecrosis of the maxillae by bisphosphonates, relating to the use of bisphosphonates, history, etiopathogenesis, clinical and imaging characteristics, prevention and treatment.