Conhecimentos, atitudes e práticas de enfermeiros sobre o manejo de feridas: uma revisão de escopo

Abstract

Introduction: Wound management is a fundamental practice in nursing, permeating everything from primary care to palliative care. The relevance of this topic in the public health context is highlighted by the need for scientifically based knowledge and skills. Objective: to map the knowledge, attitudes and practices of nurses related to wound management in the literature. Methodology: this is a scoping review to investigate which knowledge, attitudes and practices of nurses related to wound management investigated in the current literature, following the PRISMA ScR guidelines and the method proposed by the JBI Institute. The review was organized in five stages: identification of the research question, identification of relevant studies, selection of studies, data mapping and synthesis of results. Studies that investigated knowledge, attitudes and practices of nurses on wound management, published in the last ten years, without language restrictions, were included. The search was conducted in several databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Embase and BIREME. Results and Discussion: The review identified 5,117 articles, of which 14 were included in the final analysis after applying the eligibility criteria. The selected studies addressed different types of wounds, such as pressure injuries, venous ulcers, and incisional wounds, and varied in their research methods, from descriptive cross-sectional studies to literature reviews. The results highlight the importance of adequate technical and scientific knowledge for wound management and reveal significant gaps in nurses' knowledge, as well as variable attitudes and practices. Conclusion: Although this is an area of great interest, this scoping review points out the existing gaps regarding the assessment of nurses' knowledge, attitudes, and practices in wound management. The findings of this study reveal that production in the Americas, especially Latin America, is still incipient.