Impacto da dor na funcionalidade em mulheres pós-cesariana em uma maternidade de Lagarto/SE

Abstract

Introduction: The postpartum period is characterized as a time when the woman’s body returns to its pre-pregnancy state, during which intrinsic and extrinsic changes occur, making it a phase that requires continuous care and protection. In cesarean postpartum, pain is a frequent symptom and may negatively impact functionality and the performance of activities of daily living, reinforcing the importance of physiotherapeutic care during this period. Objective: To identify the impact of pain on the functional characteristics of women in the cesarean postpartum period in the city of Lagarto, Sergipe, Brazil. Method: This is a cross-sectional observational study conducted in a maternity hospital in the municipality of Lagarto/SE, involving puerperal women who underwent cesarean delivery. Data were collected on pain intensity using the Numeric Rating Scale, functional limitations, and satisfaction with physiotherapy care. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software, applying descriptive analyses, association tests, and the Wilcoxon test, with a significance level set at p ≤ 0.05. Results: The sample consisted of 161 puerperal women, with a higher prevalence of moderate (4–6) to severe (7–10) pain during movement and mild pain (0–3) at rest. The main functional limitations observed were related to standing up, sitting, and walking. A significant association was found between higher pain intensity and functional limitation, especially regarding standing up and bowel movements. Despite the use of analgesics, pain persisted and significantly impacted functionality, particularly during movement. Physiotherapy care showed high maternal satisfaction, with approval reported by all participants. Conclusion: Pain significantly impacts the functionality of women in the cesarean postpartum period, especially during movement, interfering with the performance of basic activities. Physiotherapy proved to be essential in puerperal care, contributing to pain management, functional improvement, and high maternal satisfaction, reinforcing the importance of its inclusion in maternity settings.