Microrganismos da rizosfera de mangabeiras em reserva extrativista urbana: bioprospecção e aplicação

Abstract

The Mangabeiras Extractive Reserve Uilson de Sá, located in Aracaju, Sergipe, hosts native populations of Hancornia speciosa Gomes (mangabeira), a species threatened by urban expansion and the consequent reduction of its natural habitats. This study aims to investigate the genetic, ecological, and biotechnological potential of the mangabeira rhizosphere microbiota, with emphasis on plant growth-promoting microorganisms. The research was organized into three main axes. First, a systematic review was conducted, covering scientific literature and patent documents on species of the genus Bacillus associated with plant growth promotion, aiming to map metabolic pathways and genes involved in the synthesis and regulation of hormones and bioactive metabolites. Second, the obtained diazotrophic isolates were phenotypically characterized and evaluated for their plant growth-promoting potential in seedlings, as well as for strain compatibility. Third, rhizospheric soil samples collected in the reserve were analyzed through metagenomics, using amplicon sequencing for taxonomic and functional characterization of the microbial community. The results revealed relevant microbial diversity associated with the rhizosphere, including the presence of functional groups linked to soil fertility and isolates capable of stimulating germination and early growth of lettuce seedlings. The rhizosphere of H. speciosa constitutes a reservoir of microorganisms with potential applications in local biodiversity conservation and in the development of bioproducts aimed at species management.