Habitação de interesse social na engenharia civil: análise curricular em instituições federais de ensino em Sergipe

Abstract

The problem of producing Social Housing (HIS) and access to it by low-income populations has historically been a field of conflicting interests in Brazil. However, it is through the consolidation of public housing policies that the Brazilian government seeks to address sociospatial inequalities by linking housing, infrastructure, and urban integration. Despite legal attempts, such as the enactment of Law No. 11,888/2008, which guarantees free public technical assistance for HIS projects and works, progress in the application of this law has been limited by institutional obstacles, lack of regulation, and a shortage of qualified professionals. These factors have hindered the effective realization of the rights guaranteed by this legislation, contributing to the persistence of a scenario marked by a housing deficit, especially of a qualitative nature, and the continuation of self-construction practices in precarious conditions, with direct impacts on the safety and quality of life of low-income populations. Given this reality, the question arises: how are future Civil Engineering professionals being trained to work with low-income populations, especially in Sergipe? It is assumed that the lack of priority given to the topic of Social Housing in Civil Engineering courses in Sergipe compromises the training of professionals to work critically and attentively with low-income populations. This research aims to analyze the official and interpreted curricula of undergraduate Civil Engineering courses offered by Federal Higher Education Institutions in the state of Sergipe regarding their approach to the topic of Social Housing. The analyses are based on Critical Curriculum Theory, from the perspective of José Gimeno Sacristán, and were carried out in two stages: (i) document analysis of the official and interpreted curricula of the courses offered by the Federal University of Sergipe (UFS) and the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Sergipe (IFS); (ii) application of a semi-structured questionnaire. The results indicate that the topic of Social Housing and Technical Assistance for Social Housing is addressed indirectly, in a fragmented and poorly systematized way in Civil Engineering training at UFS and IFS. No specific curricular components dedicated to the topic were identified, which highlights a training centered on traditional technical skills. Although professors recognize the social relevance of Social Housing, factors such as curricular and structural limitations hinder the more consistent inclusion of the topic in professional training.