Determinação da concentração da atividade de radionuclídeos nas águas e solos de regiões próximas à província uranífera de Lagoa Real - BA

Abstract

The Uraniferous Province of Lagoa Real, in the region of Caetité, located in midwest Bahia State, is considered the most important uraniferous reserve of Brazil. Because it is a uranium mining region, it is important to be evaluated and monitored in order to obtain information on the chemical composition and concentration of radionuclides in water and soil. In this study we determined the specific activity of some radionuclides in soil and water samples collected in February 2014, when high rainfall in the region. The concentration of the activities of radionuclides 226,228Ra and 234,238U in water samples and radionuclides 226Ra, 232Th and 40K in soil samples were found by different techniques of nuclear spectrometry. The water samples showed higher specific activity (134 + 4) mBq / L for 226Ra and (208 + 9) mBq / L for 228Ra. Concerning the isotopes of uranium, the highest activity in the water was (172 + 10) mBq / L for 238U and (447 + 20) mBq / L for 234U. In the soil samples was noted that especially the 40K was most active. The highest value obtained for this radioactive nuclide was (155 + 11) .10 Bq / kg. In samples sand beaches of Rio de Janeiro and Aracaju, used as a reference, the highest activity was the 232Th with (36.4 + 6.1) Bq / kg, and for the 40K all showed a specific activity of < 50 Bq / kg. The soil samples represented very low specific activity for radionuclides investigated, compared to the values established in the Brazilian criteria for exclusion, exemption and waiver as radiation protection requirement. The effective doses were calculated from the activity concentrations of radioactive nuclides in water and their dose coefficients. Two samples exceeded the limits recommended by the WHO that is 100 mSv / a, (144.2 mSv / a) and (102.2 mSv / a), but both are not ingested by the population. The most effective dose calculated for water samples ingested by the population was 58.6 mSv / a, value within the recommended limit. From the data obtained, it can be concluded that the samples did not indicate a high concentration as TENORM and that there seems to be contamination of Caetité region due handling ore in the region. The presence of radionuclides in the samples is due to the nature of the soil region and the operation of uranium.