Ocorrência e variação sazonal das infecções respiratórias baixas virais internadas em hospital de urgência do nordeste brasileiro

Abstract

Infections at the Lower Respiratory Tract (LRT) in children are a major concern for public health, especially in developing countries. Most of the etiology is viral, like the Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV), the most important, Human Rhinovirus (HRV), Influenza (Inf), Enterovirus (EV), Human Parainfluenza virus (HPIV), Adenovirus (Adv), Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV), Human Bocavirus (HBoV) and Human Coronavirus (HCoV). In a cross-sectional study, 244 children between 0 and 2 years old were analysed, they were hospitalized with LRI at a hospital in Sergipe for 11 months. From a group of 121 children, samples of nasopharyngeal aspirates were collected, with the purpose of showing the occurrence of LRI through the identification of the main respiratory viruses, their specific frequency, the relation to days of hospitalization with risk factors (prematurity, family history of atopy, congenital cardiopathy, bronchopulmonary dysplasia) and the connection between the occurrence of the viruses and the time of the year, as well as the local climate characteristics. The viruses identified were RSV (23, 5%), HRV (14%), Inf. (11, 8%), HBoV (6,6%), HMPV (5,9%), HPIV (4,4%), Adv (3,7%), EV (2,9%) and no HCoV (0%). Most of them predominated between March and July (time of the year with greater level of rainfall – during the winter). It is important to monitor the LRIs in order to get to know their seasonal variations throughout the year, what makes it better to handle the nosological situation, with the decrease of hospitalization and treatment costs, which reflect positively on the health of child population