Pressões respiratórias máximas de puérperas submetidas a parto vaginal ou cesáreo

Abstract

Introduction: Changes in the gestational period, childbirth and immediate puerperium interfere in the function and biomechanics of the respiratory system. In addition, the childbirth route (vaginal or cesarean) may interfere in respiratory function, carrying a reduction in the normative values of maximum respiratory pressures. Objective: Evaluate the maximum respiratory pressures of women in the immediate puerperal period, submitted to vaginal or cesarean childbirth, relating them to parity, intensity of pain and abdominal diastasis. Methods: 100 immediate postpartum women, divided into two groups, Vaginal Parturition Group (VPG) and Childbirth Cesarean Group (CCG), were evaluated. Each group is composed of 50 participants. The study variables included: age, childbirth type, births number, abdominal diastasis (evaluated through the pachymeter), pain intensity and maximum respiratory pressures (determined through the manovacuometry). The present study was approved by the Ethics and Research Committee on Human of the University Hospital of the Federal University of Sergipe (CAEE nº 61988416.0.0000.5546). Results: The results obtained were significant when compared to the PEmax of the cesarean group to the vaginal group. When comparing obtained and predicted PImax and PEmax, it was observed significant results (p <0.05). The data that demonstrated significant results when compared to the birth route were: pain intensity (p = 0.0003), supra umbilical diastasis (p = 0.0044) and infra umbilical (p = 0.0001). Conclusion: The birth route can influence the normative values of maximum respiratory pressures, however, it is necessary to carry out new research, due to the scarcity of studies with larger sample numbers.