Serviço Social e a viabilização do direito à convivência familiar e comunitária : desafios e perspectivas nos abrigos institucionais do município de Aracaju/SE

Abstract

The history of shelters for children and adolescents is old, if present since the colonial period. The first form of institutionalization in Brazil was the Wheel of Exposed of 1726, directed to abandoned children. This model of institutionalization was diverse due to its high infant mortality rate. The first legislation aimed at the rights of children and adolescents was the Children's Code (1927), which was reformulated in 1979. The problem of children and adolescents in situations of social vulnerability was solved, in this historical period, with the hospitalization of these segments . The changes regarding the rights of these individuals occurred after the promulgation of the Federal Constitution (1988) and the Statute of the Child and Adolescent (1990), which guaranteed the right to family life. This paper aims to present the challenges and professional perspectives of Social Work to ensure the viability of the right to family and community coexistence in Institutional Shelters for children and adolescents of the municipality of Aracaju / SE. In the Methodology the exploratory research was used in order to clarify and modify concepts and ideas and also the bibliographic type in order to give theoretical support. The technical procedures were bibliographic and the application of structured interviews with a social worker from each institution. Currently, the boarding schools have been replaced by the institutional reception measure (Institutional Shelter or House Home) of a provisional and exceptional character, which aims at family reintegration. However, despite these advances, reality shows that the culture of institutionalization is still present.