Estudo epidemiológico da hanseníase no estado de Sergipe, a partir de laudos anatomopatológicos do Hospital Universitário Professor João Cardoso do Nascimento Junior, nos anos de 2011-2016

Abstract

Introduction: In Brazil, the spatial distribution of leprosy is heterogeneous. Areas with high transmission of the disease remain in the North, Central-West and Northeast regions of the country. Methods: This is a descriptive epidemiological study of a group of patients with a diagnosis of signed leprosy. All patients with anatomopathological reports with positive conclusion to disease in their various clinical forms were included in the years 2011 to 2016. Results: In the period from 2011 to 2016, 161 cases of leprosy were reported through an anatomopathological report with positive cases for the disease, in the aggregate of 29 municipalities of 75 totals in the state of Sergipe, approximately 38.65% of the municipalities. For cases with patients under 15 years were a total of 9 cases and a mean of 1.5 cases / year with a mean age of 9.6 years. In relation to the clinical form, tuberculosis leprosy was predominant, with a total of 80 cases, estimated 49.6%, followed by the Vic- diana, 31 cases 19.2%, indeterminate leprosy 30 cases 18.7%, dimorphic dimorphism 5 cases, and 3.2% not conclusive 15 cases 9.3%. Discussion: The present study analyzed the aggregate of reports and showed the concentration of the cases in the city of Aracaju SE, 65.2% of the cases, probably due to the ease and proximity of access to the diagnostic reference center. It showed a greater incidence of cases in females, being the most prevalent tuberculoid form indirectly demonstrating the involvement of nerve bundles of these patients leading to possible sequelae such as neuropathic pain and disability. Conclusion: Despite the reduction in the detection of cases of leprosy, there is a need to intensify the actions of control of the disease.