O capital especulativo e seus efeitos sobre a economia brasileira

Abstract

This paper deals with speculative capital and its effects on the Brazilian economy. The phenomenon of the predominance of speculative activities to the detriment of productive capital and its influence on the increase of social inequalities in Brazil is deleterious to the real economy. Through the manipulation of economic instruments, such as exorbitant interest rates, the formation of banking oligopolies that control a large part of the country's monetary base, and the capture of a considerable portion of the public budget to pay a nebulous public debt, the Brazilian capitalist system weakens the National state - through its regulatory bodies - and its capacity to develop public policies to protect the poorest sections of society. Public and household indebtedness thus became a modern version of slavery: the financial one, which privileges only financial market speculators, but at the same time stifles consumption and prohibits productive activities. At the other end of the line, there is an unequal and regressive tax system, favoring the wealthier segments with low tax rates on income and equity, while taxes on consumption of products and services have a higher weight in the collection compared to those , burdening the working class. Added to this, fiscal evasion exonerates the treasury on a billion dollar scale and also represents obstacles to the implementation of public policies to combat social inequalities. As for the methodology adopted, the deductive method was chosen, making a general path towards a more specific approach and the historical method as a way of undressing as it came to the current stage of financialization of the national economy