Quimiodiversidade e bioatividade dos óleos essenciais de copas de citrus A mononychellus tanajoa (acari: tetranychidae) e seletividade a seu predador

Abstract

Currently, citriculture has undergone a process of cultivars diversification for economic purposes. However, little is known about the composition and bioactivity of the essential oils of these cultivars. Thus, essential oils from ‘Kona’ and ‘Pera CNPMF-D6’ sweet oranges, ‘Piemonte’ mandarin, and ‘Persian lime 58’ acid lime were evaluated for their composition and toxicity, together with limonene enantiomers, against cassava green mite, Mononychellus tanajoa (Acari: Tetranychidae), a crucial pest of this crop. In addition, this work evaluated the sublethal effect of the essential oil with the lowest LC50 on pest survival and selectivity to lacewing, Ceraeochrysa caligata (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae), a general predator of insects and mites. Sabinene and linalool were the major compounds found in the essential oils of the oranges (39-45%) and the mandarin (38%), while limonene composed more than 52% of the acid lime essential oil. Although the LC50 estimates of the essential oil of ‘Persian lime 58’ estimated for M. tanajoa (5.79 mg/mL) were lower than the LC50 of the other essential oils and the S-(−)-limonene, they presented no differences regarding toxicity. However, R-(+)-limonene (LC50 = 12.04 mg/mL) was less toxic to M. tanajoa when compared with ‘Persian lime 58’ essential oil. Thus, all essential oils and S-(−)-limonene showed potential for M. tanajoa control. Moreover, the LC25 and LC50 of ‘Persian lime 58’ essential oil reduced cassava green mite survival. For C. caligata, ‘Persian lime 58’ essential oil was selective, based on mortality and predation.