A condição camponesa sob o espectro da informalidade

Abstract

This writing corresponds to the results of the Master's Dissertation that deals with peasant condition and informality from/into the world of work. The research was based on a general objective: to understand the peasant condition under the spectrum of informality. And three specific ones: to infer about the various provisions of informal labor relations in the context of the structural crisis of capital; to relate the forms of labor insertion of peasants to rebates in the unit of family production; and to identify expressions of the informality of work in the settlements of analysis. From the perspective of historical and dialectical materialism, the research highlights the reality of sergipanos peasants as a starting point for understanding how informality is intrinsic to the subordination of their ways of life, from the expansion of precarious forms of work in the countryside. Field research in villages in the municipalities of Itabaiana, Campo do Brito and São Domingos, located in Agreste Central Sergipano are justified by the presence of subjects who remain on the land as a condition of life. However, at the same time, are inserted in the circuit of resale of goods as a need to realize the material conditions of life, or even, from temporary occupations, partial and unstable. The intrinsic precariousness of informality is expressed in the talk of peasants, as in the example of young farm workers, cooperative workers, those who work in flour houses or in trucks, those who are hired on demand to apply agro-toxins, and in fairgrounds that acquire vegetable, vegetable, and fruit production in supply centers. The word as an ideological sign, for Mikhail Bakhtin's Philosophy of Language, can reflect or refract a given reality. In the words of those interviewed, the search and need for better spaces and times for social reproduction are expressed as a locus of hope for a dignified and full life. The spectrum of informality mirrors the work as a burden, revealed as tiredness and guilt among the researched subjects, who justify the situation from the individual responsibility of each one.